Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
AIDS RETROVIRUS NEUTRALIZATION: GROUP- AND TYPE-SPECIFIC REACTIONS
Vaccines 87. Modern Approaches to New Vaccines: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Chanock RM et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 159-63, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647971 Geffin R; Parks ES; Parks WP; Hahn B; Shaw GM; Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine, Miami, FL; 33101
Abstract:
Neutralization of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) retrovirus using serum from infected patients has been reported by several laboratories. Investigations were conducted to validate measurement of neutralizing antibodies in an eventual effort to assess the efficacy of neutralizing antibody as a marker of protective immunity. Defined markers of protective immunity will eventually be essential for the assessment of immunoprophylactic measures against the AIDS retrovirus. An infectivity assay that reproducibly quantitates the in vitro infection of the H-9-HT cell line with several AIDS virus isolates was developed. The assay is predicated on two points: (1) preparation of frozen virus stocks that maintain infectivity for a long period of time and (2) stoichiometric measurement of virus by a competition radioimmunoassay of the virus core protein, p24. The amount of virus inoculum and the amount of virus produced by the infected cells are expressed as nanograms of p24 and are used as the measure of the virus. The production of p24 increases as a function of the time elapsed after infection and the virus input. The assay revealed some characteristic differences between strains of the AIDS retrovirus. Some isolates were more potent in reaching a maximal titer earlier than others. In some instances, evidence of spontaneous increases in potency was noted after prolonged in vitro passage of less potent isolates. All isolates eventually reached comparable maximal levels of virus production. Representative data from neutralization studies of pediatric isolates as well as isolates obtained from seropositive adults are summarized. The neutralization titers suggest that seropositive individuals develop an antibody response that can effectively neutralize heterologous isolates as well as homologous isolates (group-specific response). Some individuals have a high titer of neutralizing antibody and others have much lower neutralizing antibody titer. No significant difference was found in neutralizing antibody patterns. Thus, there is significant neutralization with group-specific properties, suggesting that some neutralizing epitopes are likely to be represented in the conserved regions of the AIDS retrovirus glycoprotein. (10 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS Antibody Specificity Cell Line Human HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY *Neutralization Tests Retroviridae Proteins/IMMUNOLOGY Viral Envelope Proteins/IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
