Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
BIOLOGIC HETEROGENEITY OF HIV AND HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE DURING HIV INFECTION
Vaccines 87. Modern Approaches to New Vaccines: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Chanock RM et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 168-73 , 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647973 Levy JA; Evans L; Pan LZ; Tateno M; Reed MF; Walker C; Homsy J; Cheng-Meyer C; Cancer Res. Inst., Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of California, San; Francisco, CA 94143
Abstract:
The biologic, immunologic, and molecular features of infection by the acquired immune deficiency (AIDS)-associated retrovirus, now called the human immunodeficiency virus-San Francisco (HIV(SF)), were studied. Two specific areas that could influence vaccine development are discussed: biologic heterogeneity of viral isolates and variations in host immune response. More than 300 different HIV(SF) isolates from blood and body fluids of a variety of patients (pts) presenting with AIDS, AIDS-related conditions, or clinically healthy infected individuals have been recovered. One striking observation was made during the isolation of these HIVs--the difference observed in viral replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Differences in HIV replication were also observed with established continuous human cell lines. In addition to replication, the ability of HIV isolates to induce cytopathic changes characterized by syncytia formation and balloon degeneration of cells can vary. In this regard, differences have been noted in the ability of HIV isolates to induce plaque formation in MT-4 cells. The ability of various isolates to infect established human glial cell lines, as well as early-passaged fetal brain cell cultures, has also been examined. Expression of the glial fibrillary acid protein, a marker for astrocytes, appeared to correlate best with susceptibility to HIV. Expression of CD4 molecule did not correlate with productive infection by HIV. Studies of the immune response to HIV infection have indicated distinct patterns of antibody response that reflect differences in the clinical state of the infected individual. Immunoblot analysis of over 400 sera from asymptomatic individuals or pts with a variety of clinical manifestations has shown that the most prominent antigens recognized are the envelope precursor, gp160, and the gag precursor, p55. Studies of the capabilities of sera to neutralize virus have indicated antigenic variations among HIV isolates. In general, high-titered sera neutralized different strains of HIV, whereas low-titered sera showed selective type specificity. The observations illustrate the complexity of the biologic and serologic properties of HIV and the difference in natural host response to viral infection, and they indicate features that must be considered in developing antivirus therapy and effective vaccine. (9 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS Antigenic Variation Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Cell Line Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Human HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY Neutralization Tests Virus Replication MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
