Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
HIV-1: NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES AND CELLULAR RECEPTORS
Vaccines 87. Modern Approaches to New Vaccines: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Chanock RM et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 174-8, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647974 Clapham PR; Weiss RA; Dalgleish AG; Beverley PC; Sattentau QJ; Lasky LA; Berman PW; Maddon P; Axel R; MacDougal JS; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Inst. of Cancer Res., London, SW3; 6JB, UK
Abstract:
Like other enveloped viruses, the membrane antigens of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) present targets for neutralizing antibodies and play a key role in the recognition of cell-surface receptors for initial stages of infection. By adapting the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotype technique used for human T-leukemia virus (HTLV) studies, functional properties of the HIV-1 envelope were studied. Using VSV(HIV-1) pseudotypes, prepared with seven different isolates of HIV from the United States, Haiti, Europe, and Africa, the specificity and variability of neutralizing epitopes were examined. Sera from Ugandan and British subjects, selected for their capacity to neutralize the RF (Haitian) isolate, showed significant neutralizing activity for almost all HIV-1 strains. The antigen targets for neutralization of HIV-1 appear to include epitopes common to widely divergent HIV-1 strains, as well as variable antigens specific to individual strains and more closely related isolates. HTLVs and HIV share a common property of tropism for T4+ lymphocytes in vivo. The extent of cellular tropism of HIV-1 determined by the cell-surface receptors for initiating infection was investigated, and the T4 (CD4) antigen itself was identified as an essential component of the HLTV-1 receptor. The precise epitopes on the T4 antigen recognized by HIV-1 remain to be determined. Findings show that human cells, such as the immature T-cell line HSB2, the Burkitt's lymphoma line, Raji, and the cervical carcinoma line, HeLa, become susceptible to HIV-1 infection and replication upon expression of the human T4 antigen at the cell surface. It was concluded that the T4 antigen is sufficient for HIV-1 attachment to the surfaces of mouse cells but that some other human component, present in human cells, is necessary for functional penetration following attachment. It appears that the binding of virions alone is insufficient to trigger endocytosis of the ligand-receptor complex on mouse cells. (17 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS Antigenic Variation Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Cell Line Cloning, Molecular Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Human HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY *Neutralization Tests Receptors, Virus/*IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
