Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
PROTECTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE TOWARD HIV IN ANIMALS IMMUNIZED WITH HTLV-IIIB ENVELOPE PROTEIN AND HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS
Vaccines 87. Modern Approaches to New Vaccines: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Chanock RM et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 225-30, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647982 Krohn K; Robey WG; Putney S; Talle MA; Ranki A; Lab. of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
Abstract:
Theoretically, three characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) might explain the lack of protective immunity in infected individuals: (1) infection of cells, such as macrophages and helper T cells, which play a key role in host's immune response toward foreign microorganisms, (2) immunosuppressive viral molecules, or (3) inborn tolerance toward the key epitope in the virus, presumably due to mimicry between viral envelope glycoproteins and host HLA class II antigen. The last one of these theoretical problems was approached in view of the results concerning (1) the character of the ligand-receptor interaction between HIV and its main target cell, the CD4 antigen-carrying helper-T lymphocyte (TH cell), and (2) the occurrence of neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune response toward HIV in animals immunized with native or recombinant HIV envelope proteins or in HIV-infected individuals. The capacity of CD4-specific monoclonal antibodies to prevent the in vitro infection of ATH-8 cells by HIV was investigated. The capacity of antibodies reacting with the envelope glycoprotein of HIV to block the in vitro infection of ATH-8 cells was also tested. The proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to three different HIV isolates, to native gp120 derived from two viral isolates, and to recombinant peptides was measured to assess the cellular immune response in immunized animals and in HIV-infected individuals. HIV-specific anergy in infected individuals was examined. The following was indicated: (1) Major protective epitopes are located on the external envelope glycoprotein gp120. There are separate epitopes for T- and B-cell recognition. (2) B-cell-specific epitopes recognized by HIV-infected individuals are mainly group-specific, whereas animal antibodies are generally type-specific, indicating the presence of at least two distinct B-cell-specific epitopes. Glycosylation is not required for the type-specific B-cell response. (3) The T-cell-specific gp120 epitope requires proper glycosylation. This epitope is group-specific, being shared by three HIV isolates tested in the present study. (4) A strong T-cell response to HIV can be readily raised in noninfected animals immunized with gp120, whereas no T-cell response to HIV or to gp120 is seen in HIV-infected individuals. (6 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Cell Line Goats HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY Neutralization Tests Rabbits Receptors, Virus/IMMUNOLOGY Retroviridae Proteins/*IMMUNOLOGY T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/IMMUNOLOGY Vaccination Viral Vaccines/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
