Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
AIDS-LIKE DISEASE IN MACAQUE MONKEYS INDUCED BY SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS: A VACCINE TRIAL
Vaccines 87. Modern Approaches to New Vaccines: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Chanock RM et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 209-13, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647980 Letvin NL; Daniel MD; King NW; Kiyotaki M; Kannagi M; Chalifoux LV; Sehgal PK; Desrosiers RC; Arthur LO; Allison AC; Harvard Medical Sch., New England Regional Primate Res. Center,; Southborough, MA 01772
Abstract:
A T-cell tropic lentivirus with striking similarities to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been isolated from macaque monkeys at the New England Regional Primate Research Center. This lentivirus has been isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of animals with the macaque immunodeficiency syndrome, from PBLs of apparently healthy monkeys, and from splenocytes of an animal that died with a lymphoma. This virus is now referred to as simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). SIV of macaques replicates efficiently in interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent T-cell cultures of a number of primate species, including human, macaque, gibbon, and baboon. Like HIV, SIV replicates in T4+ lymphocytes but not T8+ lymphocytes, and its infection of macaque and human lymphocytes can be blocked with monoclonal anti-T4 antibodies. Experimental infection of healthy juvenile rhesus monkeys with SIV has induced an AIDS-like disease. A transient skin rash, a lymphadenopathy syndrome, and a later syndrome characterized by profound immunodeficiency have been observed in monkeys experimentally infected with SIV. The humoral responses of six experimentally infected monkeys showed two distinct patterns: Four animals died within 160 days of inoculation; they developed low-titer anti-SIV antibody responses that recognized only the viral envelope protein. Two animals that lived longer developed high-titer anti-SIV antibody responses that recognized both viral envelope and core proteins. Two approaches to vaccination were found that resulted in high-titer antibody responses to SIV-specific proteins: (1) the use of purified, inactivated virus delivered in the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derivative adjuvant threonyl-MDP and (2) the use of ISCOMs (immunostimulatory complexes). Immunization with inactivated virus in threonyl-MDP raised high-titer anti-envelope and anti-core antibody response in monkeys. ISCOM immunization stimulated a reproducible high-titer anti-envelope antibody response but a variable anti-core antibody response. However, such immunized animals were not protected from infection following challenge with cell-free SIV. (9 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL/*VETERINARY Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Disease Models, Animal Epitopes/IMMUNOLOGY HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY Macaca mulatta/MICROBIOLOGY Monkey Diseases/*MICROBIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL Retroviridae/*IMMUNOLOGY Vaccination Vaccines, Attenuated/IMMUNOLOGY Viral Vaccines/*IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
