Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
MONOCYTE FUNCTION IN RHESUS MONKEYS WITH SIMIAN ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
Diss Abstr Int (Sci); 46(7):2255 1986. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87632301 Legrand EK; Univ. of California, Davis, CA
Abstract:
Monocyte function in rhesus monkeys with simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) was compared with that in age-matched normal juvenile rhesus monkeys. The functional tests were (1) chemotaxis, (2) phagocytosis of opsonized Candida albicans, (3) killing and/or growth inhibition of Candida albicans, (4) generation of respiratory burst (using image analysis to quantitate a nitroblue tetrazolium slide test), (5) growth in culture, and (6) response (morphology and/or respiratory burst) to various stimulating agents such as lymphokines, gamma interferon, endotoxin, and phorbol myristate acetate. The monkeys tested were classified as having either clinical SAIDS (those having lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and lymphopenia or neutropenia) or as terminal SAIDS (moribund due to the disease). The responses of the monocytes from the monkeys with clinical SAIDS were indistinguishable from those of normal juvenile rhesus monkeys. However, the monkeys with terminal SAIDS had enhanced phagocytosis and respiratory burst capacity compared to the juvenile controls. Chemotaxis, candidacidal/stasis, and response to stimulating agents were normal in these terminal SAIDS cases. Plasma from the SAIDS monkeys was as capable of opsonizing yeasts and of being able to generate chemotactic factors by endotoxin as was control plasma. SAIDS virus was detected by co-cultivation of pure monocyte-derived macrophage cultures with Raji cells, which form syncytia in the presence of SAIDS virus. Four terminal SAIDS and one late-stage clinical SAIDS were found to be positive when the minimum number of macrophages present in the cultures ranged from less than 50 to about 500. Terminal SAIDS monocyte-derived macrophages in culture as long as 17 days produced SAIDS virus. In three clinical SAIDS cases virus could not be detected when smaller numbers of monocyte-derived macrophages were co-cultured with Raji cells. These data show that in monkeys with SAIDS at least the major effector functions of monocytes and macrophages involved in host defense are intact (even up until death). Additionally, at least some of the monocytes are productively infected and these infected monocytes are viable and adherent in culture.
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*BLOOD/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Animal Chemotaxis, Leukocyte Female Macaca mulatta/*BLOOD Male Monocytes/*PHYSIOLOGY Phagocytosis THESIS
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
