Welte K; Merrtelsmann R; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York,; NY 10021
The subject of human interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) in immunodeficiency syndromes is first reviewed, under the following headings: IL-2 production and response in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), hemophilia with AIDS, combined varied immunodeficiency, patients (pts) af
Control of Animal Cell Proliferation. Volume 1. Boynton AL, Leffert HL, eds. New York, Academic Press, p. 3-24, 1985.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87628346
Aaronson SA; Tronick SR; Robbins KC; Lab. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD
Oncogenes and their possible role in malignancy are reviewed under the following headings: acute transforming retroviruses, assignment of a normal function to a proto-oncogene (the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus; the structure of human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF); the v-sis gene product is structu
Efforts to establish T lymphocytes in culture led to the discovery of T-cell growth factor (TCGF), its purification and characterization, and studies on the structure and function of its genetic locus. Application of this culture system to malignant T cells led to the identification of an exogenous retrovirus, human T
Tedder TF; Clement LT; Crain MJ; Cooper MD; Cellular Immunobiology Unit, Tumor Inst., Univ. of Alabama,; Birmingham, AL 35294
T and B cell differentiation was examined in patients (pts) with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI, 16 pts), selective IgA deficiency (IgA-, 4 pts), X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA, 5 pts), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS, 5 pts) using monoclonal antibodies to four lymphocyte differentiation antigens
An Bras Dermatol; 61(2):81-4 1986. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87629178
Scaramussa LM; Furtado T; Latorre DO; Bedran JN; Mestranda em Dermatologia, Departamento de Clinica Medica,; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
The first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Minas Gerais, Brazil , is reported. A 56-yr-old homosexual male presented with Kaposi s sarcoma of the arms which rapidly disseminated over his entire body. He denied any somatic symptoms or travel outside the city in th
Cancer Risks and Prevention. Vessey MP, Gray M, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 149-65, 1985.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87628884
Kinlen LJ; CRC Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland
Cancers for which the epidemiological and laboratory evidence of a specific viral cause is strong (eg, primary liver cancer) are reviewed; in addition, those tumors that show similarities with certain infections, such as cervical cancer (with venereal infections) or Hodgkin s disease (with paralytic poliomyelitis), ar
Since 1976, when Cryptosporidium was first recognized as a human pathogen, understanding of the epidemiology of this protozoan parasite has increased substantially. This review discusses 14 recently published studies of the occurrence of cryptosporidiosis in developed and developing countries and compares their findin
Using radial immunodiffusion serum histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) levels were measured in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients after renal transplantation and immunosuppressive steroid therapy, and in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
The abuse by injection of heroin or other drugs has long been associated with liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and other viruses. Increasingly severe hepatic and virological complications of parenteral drug abuse have been reported due to infection with new viruses or concomitant alcohol abuse. The hepa
Brain Res. 1986 Oct 29;386(1-2):12-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87050771
Clarey JC; Irvine DR
The auditory response properties of single neurons in the fundus and banks of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) were studied with simple dichotic stimuli (viz. noise- and tone-bursts) in cats anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose. Neurons within AES showed simple onset responses, were most commonly excited by stimul
Wilson BJ; Shiigi SM; Zeigler JL; Olson LC; Malley A; Howard CF Jr
Simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) was transmitted to four of four rhesus macaques with blood from rhesus macaques naturally infected with a type D retrovirus, simian retrovirus-2 (SRV-2). Three of the four blood recipients died with SAIDS at 13, 15, and 26 weeks postinoculation. The fourth animal is al
Crit Care Med. 1986 Dec;14(12):1026-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87052838
Schein RM; Fischl MA; Pitchenik AE; Sprung CL
The ICU records of 31 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were reviewed. Of 23 (74%) patients admitted for respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation, 20 (87%) patients had Pneumocystis carinii and/or cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Of the eight
Over the nine month period from 1st July 1984 to 1st April 1985, 737 persons attended the four AIDS-screening clinics in Copenhagen. The attendance was unconditional, and the examination free of charge. All were examined clinically and serologically for LAV/HTLV-III infection. Ninety-seven percent were males; 490 (68%
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1986;8(7):667-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056217
Naylor PH; Friedman-Kien A; Hersh E; Erdos M; Goldstein AL
Thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 were first isolated from thymosin fr. 5 and have demonstrated biological activities on the immune system. They are chemically distinct and differ in their immunological activity profiles. The levels of thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 were assessed by radioimmunoassay in the sa
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):301-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056486
Solomon MZ; DeJong W
In the absence of a cure or vaccine for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) educational and social marketing efforts to reduce the transmission of Human T-lymphotropic type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) are currently our best hope for controlling the disease. Since 1983, the Centers for Di
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):347-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056489
Martin JL
A sample of 745 New York City gay men, aged 20-65, were interviewed in 1985 as part of a longitudinal effort to determine the behavioral, psychological, and social impact of the AIDS epidemic on the non-ill but at-risk community. Detailed sexual behavior histories were taken for the year prior to the interview (1984-1
This article describes the association between drug and alcohol use during sexual activity and high-risk sex for AIDS. Data to test this association are drawn from a prospective study of the behavioral changes made by gay men in San Francisco in response to the AIDS epidemic. Findings drawn from the May, 1984 and May
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):383-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056492
Friedman SR; Des Jarlais DC; Sotheran JL
Intravenous (IV) drug users are the second largest risk group for AIDS and the main source of infection for heterosexual partner and pediatric AIDS cases. IV drug users have an addiction and a subculture that make risk reduction difficult; for example, to refuse to share needles can endanger personal relationships, an
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):407-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056494
Williams LS
During the past year, members of the Detroit Health Department health education staff have developed an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) community education intervention. The intervention was designed in response to the growing public health problem of AIDS and the need to provide the community with accurate
Intravenous administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS) on three occasions resulted in fever, rash, and wheezing in a 30-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia. Pentamidine administration produced fever, severe myositis, and clinical deterioration, and therefo
Bombesin found in neuroepithelial bodies and oat cell carcinoma of the lung, is thought to play an important role in normally developing and malignant lung. Monocytes-macrophages and human small cell lung carcinoma cells share several features, including macrophage-specific surface markers and the expression of functi
Blanche S; Le Deist F; Fischer A; Veber F; Debre M; Chamaret S; Montagnier L; Griscelli C
We performed a longitudinal study (mean follow-up 19.5 months, range 3 to 42 months) in 18 consecutive children with clinical symptoms of LAV/HTLV III infection. Twelve patients were born to mothers infected with LAV/HTLV III, and six were infected by blood products administered during the first weeks of life. Immunol
J Med Vet Mycol. 1986 Oct;24(5):401-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87060398
Stenderup A; Schonheyder H; Ebbesen P; Melbye M
Trichosporon beigelii was isolated from the anal region in 45 (13%) of 343 Danish homosexual men. T. beigelii was also present on the scrotal skin of six anal carriers who were accessible for re-examination, and white piedra of the genital hair was observed in two cases. Because T. beigelii may cause systemic infectio
JAMA. 1986 Dec 12;256(22):3103-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87061289
Scitovsky AA; Cline M; Lee PR
This article reports on the findings of a study of medical care expenditures of persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated at San Francisco General Hospital in 1984. We found that mean charges per AIDS hospital admission were $9024, mean charges of patients with AIDS who received all their hospital
JAMA. 1986 Dec 19;256(23):3231-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87061315
Lifson AR; Castro KG; McCray E; Jaffe HW
Information obtained for all persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reported to the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, includes a question about employment in a health care or clinical laboratory setting. As of May 1, 1986, a total of 922 (5.5%) of 16,748 adults with AIDS reported employment in
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome has presented a complex and, as yet, unsolvable spectrum of pulmonary disease characterized by bizarre infections, pneumothoraces, respiratory distress, and death. Thirty-eight patients underwent 49 surgical procedures during 42 months. Ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 56
Hansson BG; Lindh G; Weiland O; Glaumann H; von Sydow M; Nordenfeldt E
Forty-six patients with liver biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis B were followed for a mean period of 44 months. A total of 200 serum samples from these patients was analyzed for the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA). The results were correlated to the HBeAg/anti-HBe status and to the presence of anti-delta
Analysis of court hearings in a case to prevent a child with AIDS from attending school reveals how perceptions of risk are shaped by a range of cultural, political, and institutional factors. The many actors in this ritualized verbal combat sought to control interpretations of evidence, scientific credibility, legiti
Insurance is a technique to redistribute the economic consequences of loss from victims to the entire group. AIDS appears to lack the essential market and actuarial criteria of an insurable risk, without compromise to civil liberties or fiscal viability. Issues surrounding identification and classification of persons
The AIDS epidemic at once challenges the biological, social, and political fabric of American life. Individual liberty and communal welfare are always in a state of tension in public health policy. AIDS-specific fears, merged with common distrust for scientific authority, have led to appeals to coercive state power. O
Views of disease--and especially of epidemics--among laymen and physicians alike, changed in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries between extremes of reductionism and relativism. Both society and the medical profession accommodated to reciprocal changes in roles and authority. With each revision, the structure of ch
The AIDS epidemic was engrafted on a substantial and rising epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases. Complex social, political, and professional factors are examined through a single risk group to illuminate the initial and continuing failure to combat the epidemic. Selective traditional public health control measur
In 1981, a profound crisis of authority was transforming the American health polity. Changing priorities between infectious and chronic diseases, communal and individual responsibilities for health, and comprehensive services and cost control created a fragmented health polity, leaderless and ill-equipped to address t
The exercise of compulsory public health powers for the common good of the community, though rooted in constitutional authority, involves a potentially massive infringement of individual liberty, autonomy, and privacy. Yet, public health statutes do not reflect modern conceptions in either science or law. Most are str
Through history, quarantine has been a response not only to the mode of disease transmission, but also to popular demands for a boundary between the kind of people so diseased and the respectable people who hope to remain healthy. Efforts to control epidemics--leprosy, cholera, tuberculosis, drug addiction--through qu
Since its onset, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has been associated with certain subgroups in the U.S. population. These include gay and bisexual men, intravenous drug users, hemophiliacs and blood product transfusion recipients. Members of these groups feeling either well or unwell may present
Parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections may all be associated with transfusion of whole blood and components, including packed red blood cells, platelets, fresh-frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate. Proper collection and storage techniques, careful donor selection, and laboratory screening of donor blood for evidence
High fetal and neonatal brain levels of methyl mercury (MeHg) have been associated with the abnormal migration of neurons within the cerebellar and cerebral cortices. How MeHg interferes with cellular proliferation, migration, and differentiation is poorly understood. In this study, a cell recognition/cohesion assay b
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1986;80(2):309-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87070983
Henry MC; De Clercq D; Lokombe B; Kayembe K; Kapita B; Mamba K; Mbendi N; Mazebo P
The parasitological profile of chronic diarrhoea in 46 Zairian adults suspected of Aids demonstrated that the frequency of protozoa was five times higher than that of helminths; 86% of the protozoa were sporozoa: Isospora belli was the most frequent (19%), followed by Cryptosporidium isolated for the first time in
The authors report their ENT observations in 20 patients suffering from AIDS. They point out the frequency of finding Kaposi sarcoma, cervical lymph nodes, oral mycosis in these cases, and they compare their results with those of other recent publications.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1986 Oct;56(4):634-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87073688
Valdiserri EV
The psychological symptoms caused by fear of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome are examined with particular reference to males displaying ego-dystonic homosexuality. Three cases, complicated by major depressive disorder and premorbid personality dysfunction, are discussed with reference to psychotherapeutic interven
Ann Intern Med. 1987 Jan;106(1):19-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87074473
Winchester R; Bernstein DH; Fischer HD; Enlow R; Solomon G
Thirteen patients who had the co-occurrence of severe Reiter s syndrome and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or its syndromes were studied. The arthritis was reactive in three patients and without defined cause in the others. Nine patients had HLA-B27. The two syndromes appeared simultaneously in four pat
Ann Neurol. 1986 Nov;20(5):566-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87074738
So YT; Beckstead JH; Davis RL
Twenty cases of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome were seen over a period of four years and were studied clinically and pathologically. Biopsy established the diagnosis in 11 cases, and autopsy confirmed it in 9. Multicentricity was demonstrated in all c
Ann Surg. 1986 Dec;204(6):619-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87075094
Barone JE; Gingold BS; Arvanitis ML; Nealon TF Jr
The patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and abdominal pain presents the surgeon with a difficult challenge. The pain may be due to an opportunistic infection, ileus, organomegaly, or a true surgical emergency. The hospital records of 235 patients with AIDS were reviewed. Of the 29 patients with abd
Screening for disease control can be defined as a preventive technology that is used to examine asymptomatic people in order to classify them as likely or unlikely to have the disease that is the object of screening. Screening may consist of routine physical examinations, radiologic procedures, semi-invasive procedure
beta-Propiolactone (BPL) inactivates LAV/HTLV III, the retrovirus associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Addition to specimens from patients with suspected AIDS or antibodies to LAV/HTLV III could reduce any occupational risk to laboratory staff. This study demonstrates that BPL treatment does not
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein interactions with cell surface CD4 are involved in both virion infectivity and virally mediated cell fusion. D-mannose-specific lectins such as Con A specifically blocked virion infectivity and cell fusion. Studies with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing th
Adachi A; Koenig S; Gendelman HE; Daugherty D; Gattoni-Celli S; Fauci AS; Martin MA
Thirteen adherent human non-lymphocyte cell lines were tested for their susceptibility to infection by human immunodeficiency virus. Productive infection could be demonstrated in three of five colorectal carcinoma cell lines examined; the other eight human non-lymphocyte cell lines were uninfectible. A susceptible col
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is the most extreme of a range of immune abnormalities that have been linked to infection with a recently described retrovirus. From a public health viewpoint, the most important advance to date has been the development of serum tests that detect exposure to this virus. Serologic scr
The authors have effected an epidemiological research on 417 employees of the Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO) Hospital of Naples ( Italy ) in order to locate the anti-HTLV III antibodies. The obtained result alloweds to point out the low percentage of positivity (0.2%), therefo
Analysis of serum samples for the presence of antibody to AIDS-inducing virus was carried out with the use of the Virognostika diagnosticum manufactured by Organon (the Netherlands ). As a result, 6.1% of sera from patients with hematologic diseases, 5.7% of sera from oncologic
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1986;12(1-2):165-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87073326
Drucker E
The association between AIDS and intravenous drug abuse is emerging as a critical component of the AIDS epidemic due to several factors: the high rate of infection of this group with the HTLV-III virus-approximately 50%; the risk of infection to others through shared needles, sexual contact, and intrauterine transmiss
The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a group of conditions which is reaching epidemic proportions. It is caused by a virus new to man, with an as yet poorly understood natural history, ominous prognosis and no known cure. Anaesthetists should be aware of the implications of dealing with increasing numbers
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):395-406. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056493
Bauman LJ; Aberth J
As the number of cases of AIDS increases, more and more companies will have to decide how to handle employees with AIDS and those at high risk. AIDS creates medical, legal, and ethical issues in the workplace, all of which are emotional and complex; managers need expert assistance to guide their decision-making and po
JAMA. 1986 Dec 12;256(22):3099-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87061288
Mann JM; Francis H; Quinn TC; Bila K; Asila PK; Bosenge N; Nzilambi N; Jansegers L; Piot P; Ruti K; et al
A study of seroprevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus involving 2384 (96%) of Mama Yemo Hospital s (Kinshasa, Zaire ) 2492 personnel found 152 (6.4%) to be seropositive. Prevalence was higher among women than among men (8.1% vs 5.2%); in women peak seroprevalence (13.9%) oc
N Engl J Med. 1986 Dec 11;315(24):1562-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87064928
Gerberding JL
HIV is not readily transmitted to health care workers, even after accidental parenteral exposure to infected blood. Existing guidelines for reducing exposure to blood and other body fluids will protect workers who care for patients infected with this pathogen. New infection-control guidelines for patients with AIDS ar
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1, HTLV-III/LAV), the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), shows a high degree of genetic polymorphism, particularly in the env gene. We have examined sera from rabbits and guinea pigs immunized with gp130, a recombinant env glycoprotein, and s
Serological performances obtained with five reagents for anti-LAV/HTLVIII antibody screening were compared in individual test and in pool. A panel of 55 selected samples and 2,079 pools prepared from 10,395 unselected samples of blood donors was studied. A first dilution is achieved by pooling, then a second dilution
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1986 Oct 24;98(20):695-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87071877
Kopp W; Dangl-Erlach E
Since the end of May 1985 registered Viennese prostitutes are regularly screened for HTLV-III/LAV antibodies. Up to the end of January 1986 839 prostitutes had been investigated and 7 of them (0.8%) revealed positive test results. 5 persons are intravenous drug addicts, whilst 2 only admitted connection to drug addict
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1986 Oct 24;98(20):702-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87071879
Konrad K
Oral hairy leukoplakia is a new clinical entity and represents an early manifestation of the HTLV-III infection. The white lesions develop rather quickly; they are found principally on the lateral border of the tongue. The lesions are slightly raised and show a corrugated or hairy surface. This leukoplakia is associat
Myelodysplastic changes have recently been described in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The authors report a patient with AIDS-related complex and myelodysplasia who rapidly progressed to acute myeloblastic leukemia. Infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) was do
Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1986;65(3):216-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87049204
Bai P; Brugo MA; Minora T; Pedretti D; Stringhetti M; Confalonieri F
The immunological picture in a group of heroin addicts and in a methadone treated group was evaluated. Ninety-six per cent shows modifications of the lymphocyte pattern, independently of the type of opium derivative administered. The OKT4/OKT8 ratio considered one of the hallmarks of acquired immunodeficiency, turns o
Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) is a 15,000 dalton glycoprotein produced naturally by human T-cells during an immune response. IL-2 has been demonstrated to have substantial activity alone or in combination with the adoptive transfer of lymphokine-activated killer cells in murine
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a recognized but infrequent accompaniment of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A patient with AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and disseminated coccidioidomycosis occurring outside of an endemic area is described.
Since pentamidine has become commercially available, there is renewed interest in using it as the initial treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients. We reviewed the use of pentamidine in 24 patients with PCP to gain information on the prevalence and severity of adverse effects from this drug.
Immunol Lett. 1986 Nov 3;13(6):307-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87055921
de la Barrera S; Olabuenaga S; Felippo M; de Elizalde de Bracco MM
Regulation of natural killer (NK) activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and from individuals at high risk of developing AIDS (R-AIDS) was studied. The response of untreated PBMC to the interferon inducer polyinosinic polycytidilic acid (
Conte JE Jr; Upton RA; Phelps RT; Wofsy CB; Zurlinden E; Lin ET
The first-dose pharmacokinetics of pentamidine were studied in patients with AIDS. Pentamidine isethionate (4 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly or intravenously to two groups of six patients each. Serial plasma and urine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, which is accurate an
Pelicci PG; Knowles DM 2d; Arlin ZA; Wieczorek R; Luciw P; Dina D; Basilico C; Dalla-Favera R
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) and ARC (AIDS-related complex) are associated with a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders ranging from lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS), an apparently benign polyclonal lymphoid hyperplasia, to B cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (B-NHL), i.e
JAMA. 1986 Dec 12;256(22):3107-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87061290
Seage GR 3d; Landers S; Barry A; Groopman J; Lamb GA; Epstein AM
Previous investigation has suggested that the direct cost of medical care for the 24,011 reported patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be as high as $147,000 per patient. To evaluate the use and cost of medical services for patients with AIDS in Massachusetts, we performed a one-year cost of ill
In the context of a clinical phase I/II trial with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) surface phenotypes of peripheral blood leukocytes and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reactions were monitored in four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and three patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC). The
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1986 Nov 1;116(44):1506-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87069821
Pichler WJ
Various tests to determine the cellular immune response in HIV infected persons are presented and their use in clinical practice is discussed. The T4 cell count using the full blood method is a precise test for evaluation of T4 cell elimination by HIV infection and the immune deficiency thus developing. The skin test
Kaposi s sarcoma in patients with AIDS involves the lung more often than it does in the African form of the neoplasm. This article describes the radiographic and histologic features in nine cases of pulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma, uncomplicated by infection, and reviews the radiographic descriptions of 22 similar cases fr
The authors employed a large panel of monoclonal antibodies to characterize and quantitate lymphoid subpopulations within the paracortex, mantle, and germinal centers of frozen sections of lymph nodes from 18 patients with the persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) syndrome and five heterosexual controls. The au
Physicians treating patients with antibody deficiency now have a choice between intravenous (IVIG) and intramuscular immunoglobulin therapy. The published comparative trials suggest that (IVIG) is superior, and this is supported by numerous anecdotal observations. Reactions during infusions are no longer a major probl
A patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary nocardiosis. The nocardial lesions appeared small and localized on chest radiograph. On two separate occasions, nocardial organisms were absent in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens, but were iden
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) results from a lymphotropic retrovirus (HTLV-III) infection and is characterized by specific opportunistic infections and malignancies. The virus is transmitted primarily by semen and blood. Infection is limited principally to defined risk groups, i.e., homosexual men and
Med Hypotheses. 1986 Sep;21(1):87-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87063797
Epstein LG; Sharer LR; Gajdusek DC
Recent evidence has demonstrated that human T-lymphotropic retroviruses are present in the brain of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Studies by neuropathological, ultrastructural and nucleic acid hybridization techniques indicate that these human retroviruses are neurotropic as well as lymphotr
Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1392-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87069932
Putney SD; Matthews TJ; Robey WG; Lynn DL; Robert-Guroff M; Mueller WT; Langlois AJ; Ghrayeb J; Petteway SR Jr; Weinhold KJ; et al
Immunization with either an Escherichia coli recombinant segment of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III/LAV) envelope protein (gp 120) or with deglycosylated gp 120 envelope protein produced antibodies that neutralize HTLV-III/LAV infection in vitro. Virus neutralization titers of these antisera were equival
Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1563-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87069956
Walker CM; Moody DJ; Stites DP; Levy JA
Lymphocytes bearing the CD8 marker were shown to suppress replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The effect was dose-dependent and most apparent with autologous lymphocytes; it did not appear to be mediated by a cytotoxic response. This suppression of HIV replication c
Franchini G; Robert-Guroff M; Ghrayeb J; Chang NT; Wong-Staal F
HTLV-III, the etiological agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, contains in its genome coding regions for several novel proteins. One of these, the 3 open reading frame (3 orf) encodes proteins of 26-27 kDa which are expressed in infected cells both in vivo and in vitro. A specific antiserum has been raise
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Nov 8;293(6556):1194. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87050632
Stacey AR
Thirty faecal specimens from 22 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome were examined by microscopy after Ziehl-Neelsen staining and by culture after decontamination with sodium hydroxide. Thirteen specimens (from 11 patients) were positive for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum on culture,
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) displays a selective tropism for cells expressing the CD4 molecule which, by itself, represents at least part of the specific receptor for this virus. However, modification of the activation state of each individual cell seems critical not only for virus replication but also for
The in vitro maturation of monocytes from patients with lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) was studied by means of enzymatic activity performed during a 7-day incubation period. Monocytes from LAS patients, healthy homosexuals, and healthy heterosexuals were assayed for beta-galactosidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC), asymptomatic homosexuals, and healthy heterosexuals were analyzed for the proportions and numbers of Leu 7+ cells and double-labeled Leu 2+7+ cells and for the natural killer functions. A si
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9254-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87067489
Pert CB; Hill JM; Ruff MR; Berman RM; Robey WG; Arthur LO; Ruscetti FW; Farrar WL
The differentiation antigen T4, present on the helper/inducer subset of T lymphocytes, is thought to serve as the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We find that a 60-kDa protein, immunoprecipitable by monoclonal antibody (mAb) OKT4, is present on membranes from human brain as well as human T cells.
Galli M; Invernizzi F; Chemotti M; Monti G; Gasparro MG; Caredda F; Negri C; Moroni M
The relationship between infectious diseases due to various pathogenetic factors and cryoglobulin production mechanisms has been investigated. Cryoglobulins have been evidenced in infections caused by very heterogeneous pathogens, i.e. leptospirosis, psittacosis, Mediterranean tick typhus, brucellosis, gram-negative b
Am J Hematol. 1986 Dec;23(4):339-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87073408
Zanetti AR; Mannucci PM; Tanzi E; Moroni GA; De Paschale M; Morfini M; Carnelli V; Tirindelli MC; De Biasi R; Ciavarella N; et al
One-hundred thirteen adults and children with hemophilia or other congenital bleeding disorders were vaccinated against the hepatitis B virus. Each patient was given three subcutaneous injections of the vaccine at monthly intervals and then a fourth booster dose 14 months after the first. The vaccine was highly immuno
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1986 Nov;35(6):1153-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87073937
McCann PP; Bacchi CJ; Clarkson AB Jr; Bey P; Sjoerdsma A; Schecter PJ; Walzer PD; Barlow JL
The symposium provided dramatic evidence of the value of the use of polyamine inhibition via alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, eflornithine) for advances in chemotherapy of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and also for fu
We compared the performance of six complement tests: electrophoresis, immunofixation, immunoelectrophoresis, and nephelometric quantifications of C3, C4, and C3d. We used 123 blood samples from 60 control subjects and 63 patients with immune complex diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic thrombocytopenic p
We studied mitogen- and antigen-induced interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) production in HTLV-III/LAV infected and non-infected individuals and compared the results with T cell subpopulations, and with mitogen- and antigen-induced DNA synthesis and production of leucocyte migration
By attaching to the CD4 (T4) molecule of the helper-inducer lymphocyte, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope imitates the normal ligand for this receptor, namely, an invariant component of the class II major histocompatibility antigen (MHC). Depending on the degree of antigen mimicry, the normal immune resp
Dan Med Bull. 1986 Oct;33(5):270-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87053001
Pedersen C; Kolby P; Sindrup JH; Arendrup M; Wulf HC; Gaub J; Gerstoft J; Lindhardt BO
T-cell subsets were studied in 559 homosexual or bisexual men attending outpatient clinics for AIDS-screening in Copenhagen during the period July 1984 to April 1985. Of the 559 individuals studied, HTLV III antibodies were found in 161 (29%). Persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (PGL) defined as the presence of lym
A cell surface protein known as T4 (CD4, Leu3), Mr = 55,000, is expressed on the subset of human T lymphocytes which provides helper function for B cell and cytotoxic T cell activities. We show that T4 is constitutively phosphorylated and that phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces a rapid serine phosphorylation whic
Rio B; Le Tourneau A; Sobahni I; Audouin J; Bouvet A; Diebold J; Zittoun R
Cryptosporidiosis may cause diarrhea after a conditioning regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The case reported here suggests resurgence of latent cryptosporidiosis in early post-graft period, since other causes of immunosuppression such as graft-versus-host disease or transfusional LAV/HTLV III retrov
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9159-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87067469
Cooper LN
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; formerly known as human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus, HTLV-III/LAV), the retrovirus that infects T4-positive (helper) T cells of the immune system, has been implicated as the agent responsible for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In this
Can J Surg. 1986 Nov;29(6):453-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87051140
Fernandes B; Brunton J; Koven I
As the AIDS epidemic unfolds, many newly described clinical syndromes resulting from unusual manifestations of opportunistic infections are being seen. The authors report the clinical and pathological features of intestinal perforation in an AIDS patient caused by extensive small-bowel ulcerations due to
Can Med Assoc J. 1986 Dec 1;135(11):1260-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87051147
Berris B
Until 20 years ago the only chronic viral diseases known were those considered to be confined to the nervous system. As a result of recent advances in epidemiology, molecular biology and immunology, new viral diseases have been recognized and their clinical features and pathogenesis elucidated. Chronic disease may res
Can Med Assoc J. 1986 Dec 15;135(12):1355-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87051164
Schechter MT; Boyko WJ; Douglas B; Willoughby B; McLeod A; Maynard M; Craib KJ; O'Shaughnessy M
In an ongoing prospective study of homosexual men conducted since November 1982 in Vancouver, we identified 345 men who did not have antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the time of enrolment and for whom results of follow-up serologic testing were available. A total of 66 cases of seroconversion were doc
Delli Bovi P; Donti E; Knowles DM 2d; Friedman-Kien A; Luciw PA; Dina D; Dalla-Favera R; Basilico C
The frequent occurrence of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) could be due to the fact that the etiological agent of this tumor is the same retrovirus causing AIDS, to another oncogenic virus frequently found in AIDS patients, or to the unmasking of the tumorigenic
Chanh TC; Kennedy RC; Alderete BE; Kanda P; Eichberg JW; Dreesman GR
A chemically synthesized peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 503-532 of gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was used to generate monoclonal antibodies reactive with the env glycoprotein gp120. One monoclonal antibody, 120-1, was isolated that reacted with the peptide and with HIV antigen(s). Weste
FEBS Lett. 1986 Nov 24;208(2):231-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87054586
Gojobori T; Aota S; Inoue T; Shimotohno K
Searching the protein sequence database for amino acid sequences homologous to the x-lor sequence in the pX region of human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II), we found that there is a region of 38 amino acids where the murine interleukin 3 (IL-3) sequence has a 40% homology with the x-lor sequence. A st
The entire envelope gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was inserted into an expression vector and expressed under the control of the repressible acid phosphatase promoter in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The product in yeast cells was glycosylated into heterodisperse proteins.
Health Educ Q. 1986 Winter;13(4):317-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87056487
Cleary PD; Rogers TF; Singer E; Avorn J; van Devanter N; Perry S; Pindyck J
The New York Blood Center is developing a health education and psychosocial support program for blood donors who are notified that they are HIV antibody positive. The goals of that program are: to provide accurate and intelligible information about the test results to notified donors; to encourage behavior that will r
Patients with multiple myeloma are generally immunodeficient, with pronounced depression in primary antibody responses. We have attempted to delineate the reasons for the humoral immunodeficiency by analyzing the specificity repertoire of the surface immunoglobulin (Ig)-positive B cells in patients with multiple myelo
J Immunol. 1986 Dec 1;137(11):3440-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87058924
Ohta M; Ohta K; Mori F; Nishitani H; Saida T
To study the possible involvement of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-related agent in Japanese multiple sclerosis (MS), we performed a Western blotting analysis, using purified viral antigens, on sera from 46 patients with MS, nine patients with other neurologic diseases, and 11 healthy controls. Of 46
J Immunol. 1986 Dec 15;137(12):3841-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87058988
Rubin LA; Jay G; Nelson DL
The released interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R) molecule was characterized in order to clarify its biochemical structure and to determine its functional capacity. Enzymatic digestions demonstrated that the released IL 2R, like the cell surface IL 2R, is a complex glycoprotein, modified by the addition of both N- and O-lin
Schneider J; Kaaden O; Copeland TD; Oroszlan S; Hunsmann G
Two glycopolypeptides with molecular weights 160,000 and 120,000 (gp120) are regularly recognized by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific antisera in lysates of cells persistently infected with HIV. In the present study, gp120 was characterized as the major envelope glycopolypeptide of HIV. Gp120 was identified
Culture supernatants of several human T cell leukemia virus infected cell lines were assessed for the induction of tumoricidal activity against human melanoma target cells in a 72-hr assay. Two cell lines, MT-2 and C10/MJ2, were found to produce high levels of MAF activity constitutively. However, the MT-2 cell line,
Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1986;175(6):325-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87063859
Nakashima H; Koyanagi Y; Harada S; Yamamoto N
Upon infection of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-carrying human T-cell lines such as MT-4, HTLV-III, a probable etiologic agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused fast and strong cytopathic effects leading ultimately to the death of the cells. Such effects were preceded by the rapid indu
N Engl J Med. 1987 Jan 8;316(2):61-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87064999
Polk BF; Fox R; Brookmeyer R; Kanchanaraksa S; Kaslow R; Visscher B; Rinaldo C; Phair J
In a cohort of 1835 homosexual men who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on entry into a prospective study, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed in 59 during a median follow-up of 15 months. We matched 5 seropositive controls to each case according to study center and date of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9124-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87067462
Pahwa S; Pahwa R; Good RA; Gallo RC; Saxinger C
B-lymphocyte dysfunction is a characteristic feature of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of the AIDS-related complex. The aim of the present study was to further examine the influences exercised by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; formerly called human T-lymphotropic virus type III or lymphadeno
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9188-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M14673
Reiher WE 3d; Blalock JE; Brunck TK
A region of homology has been found between the envelope (env) protein of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus and a portion of interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) that purportedly binds to the IL-2 receptor. This homology, between two proteins associated with opposing
The nucleotide sequence of the envelope (env) gene region of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a member of the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses, has been determined from a clone of integrated proviral DNA for which the gag and pol sequences have been reported previously. The env gene is 859 codons in length a
The recent discovery that HTLV-I infected T-cells have an enhanced susceptibility to HTLV-III/LAV infection with concurrent cell lysis (S. Harada, Y. Koyanagi, and N. Yamamoto (1985) Science, 229, 563-566) led us to investigate a possible role for HTLV-II infected T cells in this respect. HTLV-II-bearing C3 cells were
We reviewed the clinical data, hepatic histology, and microbiological features of 21 patients with previously documented acquired immune deficiency syndrome who had liver biopsies. Diagnoses of specific infections were made on liver biopsy in 11/21 patients (57%). Granulomas were found in 10/21 patients (48%) and were
Ann Intern Med. 1987 Jan;106(1):75-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87074487
This document is intended to summarize available information and to assist health-care providers in developing policies for the immunization of children infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) [now known as the human immunodeficiency virus], the virus that caus
Recent reports have suggested a role for BW-B759U in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. The present study presents the ophthalmoscopic features in three treated patients, and examines the microscopic findings in the eyes of the first patient ever treated with BW-B759U for
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinopathy, a relentlessly progressive disease that results in permanent blindness, is the most common opportunistic infection of the eye in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Twenty patients with the acquired immunodefi
Cancer Surv. 1986;5(2):329-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87051422
Chen IS; Wachsman W; Rosenblatt JD; Cann AJ
Future studies on mechanisms of human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV) induced T-cell malignancy will focus on the role of the chi gene. This unique gene is found only in HTLV and the related bovine leukaemia virus, and is thought to be the transforming gene of these viruses, though direct proof of that role is still lac
Adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma was first identified by Japanese investigators in the mid 1970s. Distinctive characteristics include hypercalcaemia, metabolic bone disease, opportunistic infections and evidence of multiorgan involvement. The malignant cell has the surface phenotype of a T helper lymphocyte but functio
The electron microscopic study of the blood cells in some patients with sporadic T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias has shown some ultrastructural peculiarities similar to T-cell lympholeukemia associated with HTLV virus, that is important for the further elucidation of etiology and pathogenesis of the T-cell lympho
In vitro production of alpha interferon and gamma interferon was examined in cell cultures from 90 asymptomatic homosexual males and 19 healthy heterosexual male controls. The production of alpha and gamma interferon was significantly suppressed in homosexuals as compared to that in heterosexual controls (p less than
Uemura Y; Kotani S; Yoshimoto S; Fujishita M; Yano S; Ohtsuki Y; Miyoshi I
Four female rabbits were given twice-weekly oral inoculation of 2-4 X 10(7) cells from a male rabbit lymphoid cell line persistently infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). After 8 weeks, one of them was found to be seroconverted for HTLV-I. Peripheral lymphocytes from the 4 rabbits were cultured in
Ando Y; Nakano S; Saito K; Shimamoto I; Ichijo M; Toyama T; Hinuma Y
Fifteen human breast milk samples obtained from mothers seropositive for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) antigen were kept frozen overnight at -20 degrees. Each milk sample was then co-cultivated with cord lymphocytes obtained from 15 anti-HTLV-I antibody-negative mothers. No HTLV-I antigen-positive ce
Two young adults presenting with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) associated with hypercalcaemia and osteolytic lesions were both found to have T cell ALL. Hypercalcaemia is a rare feature of ALL and has not previously been related to T cell disease. Both cases, in some respects, resembled (age between 10 and 20 ye
J Med Virol. 1986 Nov;20(3):253-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87059799
Sugiyama H; Doi H; Yamaguchi K; Tsuji Y; Miyamoto T; Hino S
In order to shed light on the mode of HTLV-I infection by mother-to-child transmission, we examined sera of school children in a highly endemic town on two separate occasions at a 6-year interval. The carrier rates in ages 15-17, 8.7 and 2.1%, were significantly higher than that in ages 6-8, 1.7 and 0.4%, in studies.
Gan No Rinsho. 1986 Oct;32(12):1573-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87061489
Hasui K; Sato E; Wakamatsu I; Nakao M; Nakamura T; Shimizu T
The nuclear DNA content of the leukemic cells in six cases of ATLL and one of peripheral T-cell malignant lymphoma (PTML) were analyzed by fluorocytophotometry, simultaneously evaluating the nuclear shape and the longest nuclear axis (LNA). The leukemic cells, characterized by the nuclear shape and LNA, had a little h
Lancet. 1986 Nov 29;2(8518):1233-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87062962
Allain JP; Laurian Y; Paul DA; Senn D
Immunoassays for human immunodeficiency virus antigen (HIV Ag) and for antibody to HIV core and envelope (CIA-RA) were done on serial specimens from 40 haemophiliacs who had become seropositive on screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HIV Ag was detectable in 9 subjects and antibodies to envelope in
Lancet. 1986 Dec 6;2(8519):1309-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87063012
Brooks JJ
Kaposi s sarcoma has many unusual features: for example, the pronounced male preponderance; its appearance in crops rather than as primary tumour with metastases; a substantial rate of spontaneous remission; the predictability of involved sites; the lack of aneuploidy; and the strong association with immunodeficiency.
Lancet. 1986 Dec 6;2(8519):1320-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87063018
Brookmeyer R; Gail MH
A new method based on the reported incubation period of transfusion-associated AIDS was used to estimate the number of AIDS cases likely to arise in the USA among those infected before 1986. Between 1986 and 1991 102,000 new cases are projected, with a total cumulative incidence of 135,000 AIDS cases. These estimates
Leib-Mosch C; Brack R; Werner T; Erfle V; Hehlmann R
We have found human DNA to contain a number of sequences related to simian sarcoma associated virus (SSAV). One of these sequences was isolated from a human genomic library. The molecular clone, termed S71, contains regions homologous to SSAV gag and pol fragments and SSAV LTR. Furthermore, hybridization experiments a
Recently, elevated titers of antibody to HTLV I have been demonstrated in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis and multiple sclerosis. We evaluated the possible role of human retroviruses HTLV I and III in Canadian patients with multiple sclerosis and chronic idiopathic myelopathy. Using sensitive enzyme immunoa
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986 Dec;13(12):3376-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/87074935
Tsunokawa Y; Terada M
There is an increased amount of evidence to suggest that viruses play important roles in the development of certain types of human tumors. These include the hepatitis B virus in hepatocellular carcinoma, human papillomaviruses in cervical cancer, Epstein-Barr virus in Burkitt s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a
Available from the Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. 20530, 1986 Jun 20 54 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/21791
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