Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
HUMAN LEUKEMIA VIRUSES: THE HTLV 'FAMILY' AND THEIR ROLE IN HUMAN MALIGNANCIES AND IMMUNE DEFICIENCY DISEASE
Prog Cancer Res Ther; 32:183-213 1985. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87632841 Gallo RC; Wong-Staal F; Markham PD; Popovic M; Sarngadharan MG; NCI, Building 37, Room 6A09, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD; 20205
Abstract:
The human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus (HTLV) 'family' is reviewed under the following headings: background, isolation of HTLV (a T-cell growth factor or interleukin-2; isolation of HTLV-I; isolation of HTLV-II; isolation of HTLV-III), biological effects of HTLV (transformation of fresh human T lymphocytes by HTLV-I; properties of transformed cells; cellular and immunological regulatory potential of HTLV-I- and HTLV-II-infected T lymphocytes), biological properties of HTLV-III, diseases caused by, or associated with HTLV infection (HTLV-I infection--adult T-cell leukemia; HTLV-III infection--acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), epidemiology (seroepidemiology of HTLV-I; molecular epidemiology of HTLV-I; seroepidemiology of HTLV-III), and molecular biology (the genomes of HTLV-I and HTLV-II; possible mechanism of transformation and leukemogenesis by HTLV-I and HTLV-II; characterization of the HTLV-III genome; antigenic properties of HTLV-I, II, III). Evidence implicates HTLV-I as the direct cause of an aggressive form of adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma. The mechanisms involved in in vitro immortalization and in vivo malignancy are not clear, but apparently do not involve any visible consistent chromosome change, consistent virus expression, or known onc gene. HTLV-I may also be involved in some B-cell malignancies. HTLV-III, isolated from a patient who had hairy cell leukemia, shares many features with HTLV-I; also, it can immortalize some T4 cells and has recently been isolated from a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but its role in human disease, if any, is unknown. HTLV-III shares some antigenic cross-reactivity and genomic homology with HTLV-I and II, is highly T4 tropic, but has only cytopathic, not immortalizing, effects. All isolates of HTLV-III have come from patients with AIDS or people at high risk for this disease. Although it is usually cytopathic, HTLV-III can be grown in large quantities in permanent cell lines (93 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/IMMUNOLOGY Cell Transformation, Viral Genes, Viral Human HIV/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF HTLV-BLV Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY HTLV-BLV Viruses/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF Microscopy, Electron Neoplasms/*MICROBIOLOGY Receptors, Immunologic/GENETICS T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
