Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
PATHOGENESIS OF SAIDS IN RHESUS MONKEYS INOCULATED WITH TISSUE HOMOGENATES OR SERUM
Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to AIDS. Salzman LA, ed. Orlando, Florida, Academic Press, p. 325-33, 1986.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87629285 Madden DL; Budzko D; London WT; Gravell M; Sever J; Henrickson RV; Maul D; Marx P; Gardner M; Natl. Inst. of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and; Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) was studied in twenty-four, 8-20-mo-old, laboratory-raised, juvenile rhesus monkeys, using tissue homogenates or serum that was known to be highly infectious. SAIDS was diagnosed when four or more of the following signs were observed: anemia, neutropenia, persistent lymphopenia, wt loss, diarrhea unresponsive to treatment, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, histological evidence of lymphoid depletion, chronic infection unresponsive to treatment, opportunistic infections, tumors, and death. For cellular immune studies, blood was obtained from the femoral vein, and white cells were collected through a Percoll density gradient 1.077; concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and formalinized Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) were used as T and B nonspecific mitogens. It was found that the SAIDS was readily transmitted in all 24 animals, using the homogenates or sera from acutely ill animals. Ten of the monkeys died within 3 mo after inoculation; five died 4-6 mo after inoculation; two died 6-12 mo after inoculation; and eight survived for over 1 yr. The inoculum used did not influence the death rate. Three types of disease syndrome were recognized: acute disease with rapid death; subacute disease with late death; and chronic disease with long term survival and minimal evidence of clinical disease. Leukocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia were characteristic in all three types of disease. Alterations in lymphocyte helper/suppressor markers similar to that observed in AIDS were not found in the infected rhesus monkeys. The T4/T8 ratios remained normal in infected animals regardless of clinical outcome. The total number of T11 cells decreased in direct proportion to the total white cells. The number of lymphocytes with Ia markers decreased significantly in monkeys that were near death. All animals tested developed an impaired cellular immune response 4-6 wk after inoculation. The T cell nonspecific mitogen response stimulated by PHA and Con A, the T cell-dependent B cell responses stimulated by PWM, and the B cell responses stimulated by SAC were all reduced. The reason why some animals survived and others showed acute or subacute disease has not been identified. (8 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/BLOOD/IMMUNOLOGY/*TRANSMISSION Acute Disease Animal Blood Chronic Disease Immunity, Cellular Leukopenia/COMPLICATIONS Lymphopenia/COMPLICATIONS Macaca mulatta Monkey Diseases/*TRANSMISSION Neutropenia/COMPLICATIONS Tissue Extracts MONOGRAPH
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
