Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
EXTRACORPOREAL PERFUSION OF PLASMA OVER IMMOBILIZED STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PROTEIN A AS A TREATMENT FOR FELV INFECTION AND LYMPHOSARCOMA: PROSPECTS FOR TREATMENT OF RETROVIRAL INFECTION AND AIDS IN MAN
Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to AIDS. Salzman LA, ed. Orlando, Florida, Academic Press, p. 403-19, 1986.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87629290 Snyder HW Jr; Singhal MC; Ernst NR; Grant CK; Cotter SM; Yoshida LH; Jones FR; Immune Response Program, Pacific Northwest Res. Foundation,; Seattle, WA
Abstract:
The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a contagious T cell lymphotropic retrovirus that productively infects lymphoid and myeloid cells in approx 30% of exposed pet cats. After the onset of viremia, death usually results within 3 mo to 3 yr due to degenerative bone marrow disease, leukemia, lymphosarcoma (LSA), or, more likely, opportunistic infections secondary to an FeLV-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (FAIDS). There are numerous similarities between FAIDS and human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Both syndromes are characterized by lymphopenia, reduced lymphocyte response to mitogens and allogeneic cells, cutaneous anergy, impaired antibody responses, and secondary infections; furthermore, AIDS like FAIDS, also appears to be caused by a retrovirus, which is termed human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), or AIDS-related retrovirus (ARV). In the authors' laboratories, the biochemistry and immunology of FeLV and FeLV-induced LSA have been studied and, recently, the value of viral cell surface antigens as targets for immunotherapy has been assessed. Results of these studies and their potential applications for the treatment of AIDS are discussed under the following section headings: FeLV proteins which function as cellular antigens; immunological intervention in feline retrovirus infections; treatment of feline LSA and persistent FeLV infection by extracorporeal immunoadsorption of plasma over Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC); antibody responses against LSA and FeLV in cats treated by extracorporeal immunoadsorption of plasma over SAC; treatment of feline LSA, leukemia, and persistent FeLV infection using purified SAC-derived protein A (SpA); and application of extracorporeal immunoadsorption of plasma over SpA columns as a treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma associated with AIDS. The rationale for the application of the extracorporeal immunoabsorption therapy is explained in detail. The responses of FeLV clearance and tumor regression achieved in cats with FAIDS and persistent FeLV infection using extracorporeal immunoadsorption therapy suggest that it may have application in the treatment of human AIDS and persistent HTLV-III/LAV/ARC infection. (46 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/THERAPY Animal Antibodies, Monoclonal/THERAPEUTIC USE Antibodies, Neoplasm/IMMUNOLOGY Antigen-Antibody Complex Antigens, Surface/IMMUNOLOGY Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Cats Extracorporeal Circulation/*METHODS Genes, Viral Human Immunization, Passive *Immunosorbent Techniques Immunotherapy Leukemia Virus, Feline/GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY Leukemia, Experimental/IMMUNOLOGY/*THERAPY Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's/*THERAPY Staphylococcal Protein A/*IMMUNOLOGY MONOGRAPH
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
