Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
ANIMAL MODELS OF HUMAN DISEASE: INDUCTION OF PERSISTENT HUMAN T LYMPHOTROPIC RETROVIRUS INFECTIONS IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES AND EQUINES INOCULATED WITH TISSUES FROM AIDS PATIENTS OR PURIFIED VIRUS GROW IN VITRO
Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to AIDS. Salzman LA, ed. Orlando, Florida, Academic Press, p. 457-62, 1986.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/87629294 Gibbs CJ Jr; Gajdusek DC; Epstein LG; Asher DM; Goudsmit J; Lab. of Central Nervous System Studies, Intramural Res. Program,; Natl. Inst. of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and; Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD
Abstract:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a slow infection caused by a human T lymphocyte retrovirus (HTLV-III/LAV). Characteristic signs of clinical AIDS include lymphadenopathy, wt loss, severe diarrhea, muscle weakness, neoplasms, and a number of varied opportunistic infections that have in the past complicated the identification of the etiological agent of the disease. In adults, the disease is characterized by cerebral atrophy, progressive dementia, and the frequent development of paresis, spasticity, and seizures. Findings of HTLV-III/LAV virus in the brains of AIDS encephalopathy subjects has profound implications on the development of putative chemotherapy and vaccines, and the need to establish a suitable animal model for studying the pathogenesis of AIDS and its associated encephalopathy is obvious. In an attempt to develop a suitable animal model, 36 chimpanzees, 57 Old World and New World monkeys of 9 different species, and 6 horses were inoculated with HTLV-III/LAV/IDAV-2-infected cell cultures or with tissues from patients (pts) that were diagnosed as having AIDS. To date only the chimpanzees have been found to be uniformly susceptible to infection with the virus. Eleven of the 36 chimpanzees were inoculated on primary passage with infected cell cultures; each of the animals developed specific antibodies to the virus, regardless of the strain used. Fifteen of the 36 chimpanzees were inoculated with homogenates of tissues from AIDS pts, including brain, lymph nodes, spleen, other viscera, and plasma; 7 became persistently infected and developed antibodies to HTLV-III/LAV virus. Six chimpanzees inoculated on primary passage with HTLV-III virus-infected cell culture material developed specific antibodies and a persistent viremia as early as 8 days following inoculation; the viremia has persisted for more than 1 yr. Since AIDS is a virus-induced slow infection, continued surveillance of all inoculated animals for 3 to 5 yr is necessary to determine if clinical disease with immune deficiency will become manifest. (4 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*IMMUNOLOGY Animal Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS Chimpansee troglodytes/*IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY *Disease Models, Animal Encephalitis/ETIOLOGY Haplorhini/IMMUNOLOGY Horses/IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY Lymphocytosis/COMPLICATIONS MONOGRAPH
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1987. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
