Glendale, Calif. : Audio-Video Digest Foundation & University of California, San Francisco, c1984 1 videocassette (31 min.) : sd., col. ; 3/4 in. + 1 guide (Postgraduate course for the primary care physician) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8600929A
Chichester ; New York : Published on behalf of the World Health Organization by Wiley, c1987 xii, 374 p. : ill (A Wiley medical publication) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8609735
Retroviruses are of special importance in the understanding of the origin and pathogenesis of leukemias and lymphomas of man. Not only are they a major cause of naturally occurring leukemias and lymphomas in several animal species, thus providing useful model systems relating to the cause and development of neoplasias
Contributions of modern biology to medicine, as discussed by various investigators who attended a Serono International Symposium, are organized in this book under different section headings. The immune response in health and disease is discussed under the following titles: molecular organization of humoral immunity: n
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been detected mainly in the US, although cases have been reported in Canada , Haiti , and in some countries of Europe and Africa. AIDS has been diagnosed most frequently in male homosexuals, but it
The discovery of T-cell growth factor (TCGF) made possible the study of T-cells and the subsequent isolation of human T-cell leukemia lymphoma virus (HTLV), the first retrovirus unequivocally associated with a human neoplasia. A subpopulation of normal peripheral blood T-lymphocytes produces TCGF for a short time foll
Weiss RA; Inst. of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Fulham; Road, London SW3 6JB, England
The genetic basis of cancer and the concepts of multistage and multifactorial carcinogenesis are reviewed under the following headings: somatic mutation in oncogenesis, specific genes involved in oncogenesis, synergism between oncogenes, multistage oncogenesis and tumor progression, and multifactorial oncogenesis. Spe
Burny A; Bruck C; Cleuter Y; Couez D; Deschamps J; Ghysdael J; Gregoire D; Kettmann R; Mammerickx M; Marbaix G; et al; Faculty of Agronomy, Gembloux, Belgium
Characteristics of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) proviral sequences and BLV proteins are reviewed, and the potency of an ELISA detection method using a monoclonal antibody to gp51 epitope E is illustrated. The X region of the provirus seems to encode a protein the action of which is critical for cell transformation. The
Yoshida M; Hattori S; Kiyokawa T; Watanabe T; Seiki M; Dept. of Viral Oncology, Cancer Inst., Kami-Ikebukuro,; Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170, Japan
Recent work performed on the structure of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) genome, the causative roles of HTLV in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) development, and the identification of the viral proteins is summarized. HTLV was isolated from ATL patients, characterized at the molecular level and was found to play ca
The role of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) family in leukemia and immunosuppression and the mechanism of transformation, are discussed. Topics include growth of T-lymphoid cells, isolation and characterization of HTLV-1, epidemiology of HTLV-1 infection, clinical and pathological characteristics of adult T-cel
Critical Care of the Cancer Patient. Howland WS, Carlon GC, eds. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, p. 261-74, 1985.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/86622694
Gold JW; Infectious Disease Service, Microbiology Lab., Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
Patients (pts) with neoplastic diseases have many defects in host defenses which increase their susceptibility to infection. Infections are both more common and more severe than in people with normal immune systems. Infections are also common complications in pts who are treated in intensive care units for other probl
In homosexual men, the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with sexual promiscuity and the appearance of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and antibodies to spermatozoa which crossreact with lymphoid cells. A comparative study was initiated to determine whether similar humoral responses existed
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(3):221-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242460
Mitchell WM; Forti RL; Vogler LB; Lawton AR; Gregg CR
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by severe unrelenting opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi s sarcoma associated with a dysfunction of cell mediated immune responses. In addition to cutaneous anergy and inversion of T-helper/inducer to T-suppressor cell ratios usually observed in AIDS,
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(5):309-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242462
Wicher V; Wicher K; Albini B
Three groups of adult male Nya:(FG) rabbits were treated intrarectally, 3 times a week for 7 months, with 1 ml of fresh homologous semen, 20 ml of colonic enema, or 20 ml of enema followed by 1 ml of previously frozen semen. A control group was untreated. The results of several in vitro tests of humoral and cellular r
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(5):327-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242463
Ma P; Kaufman D; Montana J
Unsporulated Isospora belli oocysts were detected in the stool specimens of three homosexual men. The oocysts were ellipsoidal measuring 23-33 X 12-15 micron. It is acid fast with modified cold kinyoun stain (MCK) and reveals orange fluorescence with the Truant s stain. Sheather s sucrose flotation method is effective
AIDS Res. 1984-85;1(6):379-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242469
Murata GH; Ault MJ; Meyer RD
Over a three year period, we encountered seven homosexual men who developed pneumonias due to S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae in the absence of apparent risk factors. When compared to heterosexual controls, the homosexual group had a much higher frequency of bacteremia, complicated primary infections, multilobar involv
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(2):127-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242449
Newman JT; Nicodemus DS; Ordonez GA; Stone MJ
Absolute numbers of peripheral blood T3, T4 and T8 positive cells from 15 homosexual men and concurrent controls were determined by fluorescence microscopy (FM) and by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). A significant difference in the number of positive cells was observed between FM and FACS in the control g
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(2):135-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242450
Sabatini MT; Patel K; Hirschman R
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has now been reported among more diverse groups of patients, and as each new category of patients is described, additional epidemiological and pathological insights are gained. Adult non-Haitian women with AIDS have so far generally been reported to have had male partners who hav
The lymphocytes retrieved by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of three patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome were studied to determine the local immune status of these patients. These results were compared to those of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, who have similar systemic immune response (anergy, h
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(3):211-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242459
Pruzanski W; Jacobs H; Laing LP
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCT) directed against B and T cells were detected in 3 patients with AIDS, 7 patients with chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome and 13 of 17 symptom-free homosexuals. Five of these patients also had circulating cold agglutinins. Neutralization experiments have shown that LCT belonged to the IgM
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(5):299-307. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242461
Wicher V; Wicher K; Gruhn R; Pragay DA; Durham S; Gould MC
Rabbits subjected three times a week for 7 months to administrations of fresh homologous semen, colonic enemas, or semen (previously frozen at -70 degrees) preceded by enema were monitored by a battery of biochemical and hematologic tests and histopathologic examination. No biochemical, hematologic or histopathologic
An immunologic profile may be useful to predict the development of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in both high risk patient groups including homosexuals, hemophiliacs, Haitians, and users of illicit intravenous narcotics as well as the general population. We evaluated 76 consecutive, apparently healthy, ad
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(3):181-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242457
Kostianovsky M; Kang YH; Grimley PM
Nineteen specimens of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or biopsies of lymph nodes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were investigated ultrastructurally and by immunoelectron microscopy. Two main ultrastructural cytoplasmic inclusions were present in lymphoreticular cells: cylind
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(1):83-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242446
Shankey TV; Eyster ME
Healthy hemophiliacs receiving antihemophilic (AHF) concentrates have decreased T-helper/suppressor (H/S) ratios, similar to the changes observed in healthy homosexuals considered at risk for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). We present a hypothesis which focuses on the role of natural killer (NK) cells
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(2):139-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242451
Wicher V; Wicher K; Esparza B
The number of T helper and T suppressor cells (determined with monoclonal antibodies) and the presence of serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies with T helper and T suppressor specificities were determined in 3 AIDS and 10 pre-AIDS patients and in 6 healthy homosexual and 17 healthy heterosexual controls. The 13 patients we
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(5):339-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242464
Witkin SS
Studies were initiated to further explore possible interrelationships between semen and the immune system. Ejaculates from healthy donors were found to contain an average of 2.6 X 10(6) mononuclear cells and 0.8 X 10(6) lymphocytes. These seminal lymphocytes exhibited suppressor activity when co-cultured with autologo
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(5):347-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242465
Wisecarver J; Bechtold T; Lipscomb H; Davis J; Collins M; Purtilo D; Sonnabend JA
Numerous cellular immune defects have been described in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). These include anergy, reduced numbers of helper T cells, and decreased effectiveness of natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we have measured the lytic activity of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxi
AIDS Res. 1984-85;1(6):401-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242471
Velez-Garcia E; Fradera J
The first instance ever reported of transfusion induced AIDS with Kaposi s sarcoma in a non-homosexual patient is presented in detail. Our experience in this case supports the theory that a transfusion induced viral agent or agents which may affect the immunoregulatory mechanism could be the underlying cause. The rari
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(1):13-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242442
Prakash C; Cole CR; Sharma HM; Murray FA; Kooner DS; Hughes JH; Blakeslee JR Jr; Penn GM
Clinical, biopsy and necropsy studies of a homosexual boar revealed angio-proliferative lesions in the skin of the thigh, scrotum and the inguinal lymph node. Angiofibromas were identified in the dermis and subcutis of the thorax and mandible. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique demonstrated Factor VIII-rel
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(1):45-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242444
James K; Harvey J; Bradbury AW; Hargreave TB; Cullen RT
The present studies confirm that small doses of human seminal plasma inhibit mitogen induced lymphocyte transformation and experiments in a murine model suggest this effect may be mediated through accessory macrophages. They also reveal that seminal plasma interferes with the attachment, spreading and phagocytic activ
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(1):59-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242445
Lipscomb H; Tatsumi E; Harada S; Yetz J; Davis J; Bechtold T; Volsky DJ; Kuszynski C; Purtilo DT; Sonnabend J; et al
Male homosexuals at risk for developing AIDS frequently exhibit chronic lymphadenomegaly (LAD). They are at high risk for developing malignant B cell lymphomas. A study of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) revealed marked abnormalities in these patients. One hundred percent of the patients were seropositive. The patients with
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(2):121-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242448
Civantos J; Penneys N; Ziegels-Weissman J
An immunoperoxidase technique was used to test for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) proteins in lesions of Kaposi s sarcoma from 19 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 3 patients without AIDS. CMV proteins could
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(2):99-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242454
Sirianni MC; Testi R; Bonomo G; Aiuti F; Morrone A
Twenty apparently healthy homosexuals from Italy and five patients with lymphadenopathic syndrome (LAS) were studied for specific cell mediated immunity (CMI) to Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), by means of the leukocyte migration inhib
AIDS Res. 1983-84;1(3):197-209. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242458
Gervais F; Tsoukas C; Fuks A; Shuster J
Several cases of hemophiliacs with AIDS have been reported. These case reports have prompted studies of asymptomatic healthy hemophiliacs. During these studies, we found four hemophiliacs who presented a distinct clinical syndrome identical to the lymphadenopathy syndrome in homosexuals which has been considered a pro
Sera of 65 hemophiliacs, 85 hemodialysis patients and 304 healthy volunteer blood donors in Japan were tested for antibodies against both HTLV-I and -III by an indirect immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation assay. The results showed that 10 (15.4%) of the hemophiliacs were
AIDS Res. 1984-85;1(6):395-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242470
Merino F; DeSalvo L; Medina JW
The presence of serum antibodies to human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma Virus-I (HTLV-I) and to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) was studied in homosexuals and hemophilia patients from the State of Zulia ( Venezuela ), a highly endemic area for HTLV-I infection. No serum antibodies to HTLV-I w
LAV/HTLV-III has been closely linked to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have studied and correlated the prevalence of AIDS-associated retrovirus and retroviral antibodies in several groups of male homosexuals from Greenwich Village. Retrovirus was detected in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes by
The identification of the human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III) as the presumed etiologic agent for AIDS has stimulated a re-examination and allowed better understanding of many of the immunologic abnormalities described in high risk individuals with and without clinical disease. Currently needed are useful predi
AIDS Res. 1984-85;1(6):439-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242474
Ollero M; Leal M; Wichmann I; Lissen E; Levy JA
Exposure to the AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV) has been observed in 54 hemophiliacs in Southern Spain who have received commercial coagulation factors manufactured in the United States . Contact with ARV could be detected in some sera collected in 1
AIDS Res. 1984-85;1(6):447-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242475
Epstein LG; Sharer LR; Cho ES; Myenhofer M; Navia B; Price RW
It has been postulated that the retrovirus HTLV-III/LAV thought to be the etiologic agent of AIDS also infects the central nervous system and directly causes AIDS encephalopathy. Electron microscopical studies performed on brain sections from three patients with AIDS complicated by progressive encephalopathy revealed
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242485
Wu JM; Chiao JW; Maayan S
The 2, 5 -oligoadenylate dependent binding protein activity was measured in peripheral blood lymphocyte extracts of AIDS and pre-AIDS and compared to healthy heterosexual controls. The binding activity in lymphocytes from AIDS (mean, 0.71 fmole/10(6) cells) and pre-AIDS (mean, 0.66 fmole/10(6) cells) was approximately
We evaluated the frequency and severity of illnesses caused by various microbial pathogens in 15 children with severe combined immune deficiency disease (SCID) and 8 with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). There were 35 viral, 23 bacterial, 19 mycotic and 13 parasitic infections. Nineteen of the 23 patients d
Unusual neurological symptoms were observed in three homosexual men in whom antibodies against HTLV-III were demonstrated. In case 1, with a known Kaposi sarcoma, multiple intracerebral space-occupying lesions with severe perifocal oedema resulted in marked focal neurological deficits. In case 2, there occurred a tran
Staib F; Rogler G; Prufer-Kramer L; Seibold M; Eichenlaub D; Pohle HD
In two AIDS patients (homosexual men) microscopical demonstration of Cryptococcus neoformans in samples obtained by puncture of the liver (n = 1) and additionally of the spleen (n = 1) led to the diagnosis of systemic cryptococcosis. Using the India ink method capsulated Cryptococcu
Ultrastructural study of rectal mucosa was performed in 6 patients with AIDS related complex (ARC) and in 10 patients with AIDS. There were 16 men (mean age: 39.1 years): 8 homosexuals, 3 Haitians, 2 Africans and 3 IV drug abusers, all having significant titers of LAV antibodies. Two types of ultrastructural markers w
Recent Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) guidelines on screening procedures for antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) have stressed the importance of providing adequate counselling for patients before and after testing. The establishment of a national acquired immune deficiency
Haiti exemplifies all of the problems of developing countries: poverty, hunger, reduced longevity, and an illiteracy rate of more than 75%. It is, therefore, not surprising that so little attention has been given to late-onset chronic diseases, particularly cancer. The results of a
Of 22 patients with Kaposi s sarcoma, 16 had the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The histological pattern in AIDS differs from the more familiar classical Kaposi s sarcoma. The features most useful in making the diagnosis are: dissection of collagen; lymphatic vessel like spaces; angiomatoid lesions; premo
Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare disease. Highly unusual is its occurrence in three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), described herein. This association may be the result of immunologic aberrations that are described in AIDS and may represent an abnormal reaction to skin saprophytes
Gordon SC; Reddy KR; Gould EE; McFadden R; O'Brien C; De Medina M; Jeffers LJ; Schiff ER
Abnormal liver chemistries, unexplained fevers, or hepatomegaly prompted 36 liver biopsies on 34 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The most common finding was the presence of hepatic granulomas, seen in 13 of the biopsy specimens. Eight of these granulomas were ill-defined, and 5 were more clearly
Ricciardi DD; Sepkowitz DV; Berkowitz LB; Bienenstock H; Maslow M
A patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cryptococcal arthritis occurring in the setting of disseminated cryptococcosis is described. The literature of cryptococcal arthritis is reviewed and the association of this unusual infection with AIDS is discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first repor
Tuberculosis has not been well documented as a complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We studied 48 cases of mycobacterial diseases among a group of 136 adult patients with AIDS over a 43-month period. Twenty-nine of them had severe and unusual manifestations of disease due to Mycobacterium tub
It is now recognized that AIDS is frequently complicated by a progressive encephalopathy characterized by dementia and motor dysfunction. This article reviews the early and late clinical features of this disorder and examines current evidence that it is due to direct brain infectio
Hall CB; Powell KR; MacDonald NE; Gala CL; Menegus ME; Suffin SC; Cohen HJ
For 10 winters, 608 children five years old or younger who were hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection were prospectively studied to evaluate the relation between their immune status and the severity of their infection. Forty-seven had been immunocompromised by chemotherapy, steroid therapy, or
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1986 Jun 14;116(24):804-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86261713
Sturchler D
While intestinal parasites are infrequent causes of acute diarrhea, investigations in travellers, children, homosexuals and immunocompromised persons who have had diarrhea for more than 2-4 weeks should include stool analyses for intestinal parasites. Intestinal helminthiases are treated with pyrantel pamoate, mebenda
South Med J. 1986 Jul;79(7):914-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86261898
Berg RA; Belani A; Belani CP
A 29-year-old male Haitian refugee had generalized lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and bilateral lung infiltrates diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy as tuberculosis. He had previously been labeled as having pre-AIDS, which led to multiple suicide attempts. Four months later, cyanosis and gangrene of both lower extr
The incidence of AIDS in Denmark is the highest reported among the countries of Western Europe. This preliminary account is a report of the autopsy findings in 10 patients, 9 homosexual men and 1 woman. Our aim is to provide a detai
Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are known to have identifiable host defense deficiencies, especially deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity. They are at increased risk for developing infections of the bloodstream caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Salmonella species. However, bacteremias ca
Am J Med. 1986 Jul;81(1):11-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86265732
Meduri GU; Stover DE; Lee M; Myskowski PL; Caravelli JF; Zaman MB
Pulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma related to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has not been well characterized. To define the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of this entity, 11 autopsy-proved cases of pulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma were reviewed. The most common clinical symptoms were dyspnea and cou
Ann Intern Med. 1986 Aug;105(2):184-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86266874
Hawkins CC; Gold JW; Whimbey E; Kiehn TE; Brannon P; Cammarata R; Brown AE; Armstrong D
Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex developed in 67 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who were followed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Twenty-nine patients were treated with two or more antimycobacterial drugs for a mean of 6 weeks, and 7 patients received ther
Ann Intern Med. 1986 Aug;105(2):210-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86266880
Bishburg E; Sunderam G; Reichman LB; Kapila R
Central nervous system tuberculosis occurred in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and seven patients with AIDS-related complex who were evaluated for 48 months. Nine patients were intravenous drug abusers and one was Haitian. Five patients had cerebral-ring-enhancing lesions and three h
45 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied with gastrointestinal endoscopy (42 upper endoscopies and 12 colonoscopies). 28 patients had skin or buccal Kaposi s sarcoma with or without opportunistic infections and 17 had opportunistic infections. 12 patients out of 45 (27 per cent) had 1 or
Ann Neurol. 1986 Jun;19(6):517-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86267430
Navia BA; Jordan BD; Price RW
Of 70 autopsied patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), 46 suffered progressive dementia that was frequently accompanied by motor and behavioral dysfunction. Impaired memory and concentration with psychomotor slowing represented the most common early presentat
Testicular infection due to Toxoplasma gondii in two young men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifested as a multifocal necrotizing lesion of the testicular parenchyma. At the periphery of the necrotic area were inflammatory infiltrates consisting mainly of eosinophilic leukocytes. The Toxoplasma organis
AIDS Res. 1986 Feb;2(1):31-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242478
Flick GR; Barbers RG; Gong H Jr
We studied the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) as the primary diagnostic procedure in 46 separate episodes of suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 42 patients with AIDS. 35 procedures were performed at the bedside. A separate group of 40 historical controls with AIDS and suspected PCP had transbro
Thymic secretory function was assessed by determining levels of circulating thymulin-like activity in plasma of 21 pediatric patients infected with the HTLV-III/LAV retrovirus. All the patients had serum antibodies against p41 antigens of HTLV-III on Western blot analyses. In accordance with the latest definition esta
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):149-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242488
Tirelli U; Vaccher E; Carbone A; De Paoli P; Morassut S
Lymphangiography (LAG) and abdominal computed tomography (CT) were performed on 13 intravenous drug (heroin) abusers with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL). All 12 LAG performed were abnormal with a repetitive pattern of diffuse abnormalities of internal structures with small filling defects of both pelvic
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):99-108. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242493
Buimovici-Klein E; Lange M; Klein RJ; Grieco MH; Cooper LZ
For a period of over two years 99 volunteer healthy homosexual men were examined periodically for the presence of interferon (IFN) in their serum. Thirty-nine subjects had either undetectable IFN levels in serum or IFN was detected only once in three to five samples tested. In another 45 subjects low IFN levels were d
Isospora belli has recently been recognized as an opportunistic protozoan pathogen in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although I. belli rarely causes diarrhea in patients with AIDS in the United States , we have documented
A 29-year-old Haitian man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A computed tomogram of the head showed thickened nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. A biopsy specimen of the turbinate disclosed inflammatory tissue containing amoebic trophozoites. The patient was empirica
Correction of T-cell defects by either thymic hormone treatment or thymus transplantation has proven to be more difficult clinically than historically anticipated. Because the precise action of thymic hormones is unknown and because these hormones act upon post-thymic cells, therapeutic attempts may fail owing to lack
The primary manifestation of the immunodeficiencies is undue susceptibility to infection. This means too many, too severe, too prolonged, too complicated and too unusual infections. Infections in immunodeficiency have a characteristic cause depending on the nature of the immune deficiency. Antibody deficiencies are as
Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite with worldwide distribution associated with diarrhea in immunocompromised patients (particularly those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) and in immunocompetent humans. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibody responses are readily detected by an enzyme-linked i
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1986-87;16(1):21-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86249793
Detmer WM; Lu FG
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become a major public health problem with over 12,000 cases and 6,000 deaths reported to date. Although there has been an explosion of knowledge in the virology, immunology and pathology of AIDS, relatively little has been written on the neuropsychiatric aspects. This rep
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) are sequelae of immune system injury initiated by a novel human retrovirus [human T-lymphotrophic virus strain III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV III/LAV)]. The resulting spectrum of immune deficiency sets the stage for opportunistic
Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are known to be at increased risk for developing malignancy; however, the spectrum that these malignancies encompass has not been fully defined. An unusual case of a 32 year old homosexual male with AIDS who developed two spontaneous small bowel perforations
Most CNS fungal infections can be divided into those that occur in normal hosts and those that occur in the immunosuppressed host. Cryptococcal infection, however, is common in both groups. The usual clinical presentation of a CNS fungal infection is chronic headache and mental status change. The CSF shows a lymphocyt
Recognition of the neurological symptoms and signs of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) since 1982 has demonstrated the involvement of the nervous system in approximately one third of the cases. Certain opportunistic infections or tumors had been previously described in the course of immunodeficiency state
Am J Med. 1986 Jun;80(6):1237-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86265692
Cockerill FR 3d; Hurley DV; Malagelada JR; LaRusso NF; Edson RS; Katzmann JA; Banks PM; Wiltsie JC; Davis JP; Lack EE Jr; et al
Before presenting to the Mayo Clinic, a 24-year-old white woman had received 35 transfusions of blood products over a 72-hour period in February 1981. Two and one half years later, the diagnosis of polymicrobial cholangitis (Cryptosporidium, Candida albicans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) was established. Further evaluat
Am J Med. 1986 Jul;81(1):19-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86265754
Eng RH; Bishburg E; Smith SM; Kapila R
Cryptococcus neoformans is a major pathogen in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and was found to infect 13.3 percent of such patients seen at two medical centers. Serum cryptococcal antigen levels were as high as 1:2,000,000 and, despite therapy, often remained elevated. Antigen titers in the cerebros
Siegal FP; Lopez C; Fitzgerald PA; Shah K; Baron P; Leiderman IZ; Imperato D; Landesman S
We evaluated the cellular immunity of 408 clinically stratified subjects at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), to define the role of interferon-alpha production deficits in the pathogenesis of opportunistic infections (OI). We followed 115 prospectively for up to 45 mo. Onset of OI was associated wit
Patt YZ; Mavligit GM; Reuben J; Mansell PW; Li S; Newell G; Talpaz M; Hersh EM
In search of potential therapeutic agents for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among homosexual males, we studied in vitro the immunorestorative effect of azimexon in patients with this syndrome. Since a reduction in the ratio between helper inductor and suppressor/cytotoxic T-cell subsets (OKT-4/OKT-8) s
Prolongation of partial thromboplastin time was noted in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who were admitted to the hospital for diagnosis of opportunistic infection. As biopsy procedures were often indicated, detailed investigation of the abnormal coagulation study was performed in four patients
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1986;468:144-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86267192
Thornthwaite JT; Seckinger D; Rosenthal P; Vazquez A
Three areas of monoclonal antibody measurements using flow cytometry have been presented. These include a description of a dual immunofluorescent method for measuring two antibodies simultaneously, the effects of blood storage on enumeration of helper (H) and suppressor (S) cells, and the relationship between absolute
Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1986;65(1):78-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242713
Sirianni MC; Soddu S; Bonomo R; Pana A
The case of a 56 years old patient, affected by recurrent herpes genitalis (RHG) is reported. The patient came to our observation on March 1983 and he was suffering from RHG for 20 years, before our study. Episodes of RHG were severe, due to local and general symptomatology. Characterization of immune response showed
Cancer. 1986 Aug 15;58(4):821-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86244702
Unger PD; Strauchen JA
Hodgkin s disease developed in four homosexual men with prodromal manifestations associated with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (generalized lymphadenopathy in three and persistent diarrhea, fever, and weight loss in one). All had inversion of the peripheral blood helper-to-suppressor T-cell ratio. The
Titers of circulating antigalactosyl antibodies (a-Gal Ab) were assessed by passive hemagglutination using rabbit red blood cells in 40 normal subjects, in 14 patients with immunodeficient states, in 47 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and in 15 patients with an Henoch-Schonlein disease (HS). Titers of
Int Dent J. 1986 Jun;36(2):71-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86249557
Milgrom P; Fiset L
This paper has three parts: local anaesthetic adverse effects, haemorrhage control and altered immune response. Primary emphasis is placed on the problems with anaesthetics since their use is widespread. Every day, nearly 2 million injections of local anaesthetic are given in dental practice. From 2.5 to 10 per cent o
Starting from the observation, if that in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases elevated numbers of activated peripheral immunocytes can be detected in correlation to the activity of the disease, subpopulations of lymphocytes in immune-mediated disorders were analyzed for the expression of activation ass
All AIDS retroviruses isolated from different patients have shown degrees of heterogeneity as defined by restriction fragment polymorphisms. Despite this variability, all these virus isolates share a number of structural features, including immunological cross-reactivity of virally encoded proteins. In this paper, we
AIDS Res. 1986 Feb;2(1):43-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242479
Warner TF; Crass B; Gabel C; Maki D; Hafez GR; Golubjatnikov R
Serum from a patient suspected of having AIDS showed positive ELISA tests but the diagnostic p 41 band was absent and the p 24 band was barely discernible on a Western blot. Before another Western blot was performed lentivirions were detected between dendritic reticulum cells in a lymph node biopsy. It is suggested th
AIDS Res. 1986 Feb;2(1):5-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242480
Ellwein LB; Purtilo DT; Purtilo RB
Recent research has identified the human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) as a probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This has prompted the U.S. Public Health Service to recommend that all blood used for transfusions or in the manufacture of blood products be screened. An e
AIDS Res. 1986 Feb;2(1):51-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242481
Volsky DJ; Wu YT; Sinangil F; Goldsmith JC
Thirty-nine patients from the Nebraska Regional Hemophilia Center were studied for the prevalence and titers of antibodies to HTLV-III/LAV, and for clinical symptoms of possible progression toward the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Fourteen of 26 (54%) patients with hemophilia A were positive for HTLV-III/
The effects of suramin, an antiparasitic agent, upon in vitro hepatitis B surface antigen production by the human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 and hepatitis B virus associated DNA polymerase activity in the serum of a chronically infected patient were examined. Treatment with suramin resulted in decreases in hepatitis
The detection of serum antibodies (Ab) against HTLV-III in individuals with AIDS and related symptoms (ARC) has unambiguously defined the association of the virus infection to AIDS. This study was done to determine the extent of exposure to HTLV-III in homosexual men by measuring (Ab) and relating it to the stage of d
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):133-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242486
Merino F; Esparza B; Aizpiri J; Fernandez J; de Masdelval L; Arrieta A; Velazquez M; Volsky DJ; San Cristobal E; de Izaguirre A; et al
Serum samples from 313 asymptomatic intravenous (IV) drug users from Bilbao (Vizcaya, Vasque Country, Spain ) were tested for antibodies to HTLV-III/LAV virus, the probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Viral antibodies were assayed by ELISA test.
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):79-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242491
Volsky DJ; Rodriguez L; Dewhurst S; Sinangil F; Sakai K; Merino F; Esparza B; De Salvo L
Serum samples from 850 individuals from Venezuela were tested for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-III/LAV virus, the probable etiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). At the time of the study, none of the individuals tested had symptoms indicative of A
AIDS Res. 1986 Spring;2(2):93-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242492
Abb J
Four different, commercially available ELISA tests for the detection of antibodies against LAV/HTLV III were evaluated for specificity and sensitivity. The relative specificity of the kits was determined by investigating a test panel of 76 sera collected from asymptomatic or symptomatic homosexual men. Completely conc
Ann Pathol. 1986;6(1):45-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86242499
Fouret P; Touboul JL; Picard F; Mayaud C; Roland J
In AIDS a variety of severe pulmonary disorders may occur. The authors report 110 cases of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 43 AIDS and 41 ARC. In AIDS P. carinii pneumonia is the major cause of respiratory illness. BAL alone is a safe and valuable tool for diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia and others opportunistic inf
44% of 63 British patients with either haemophilia A or B were HTLV-III antibody positive (HTLV-VIII+). HTLV-III+ was more frequent in high factor VIII concentrate users and 75% of severely affected haemophilia A patients were HTLV-III+. All eight patients who were exposed to factor IX concentrate were HTLV-III-. 17 h
Salahuddin SZ; Rose RM; Groopman JE; Markham PD; Gallo RC
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) is the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and preferentially infects T4 lymphocytes. Other cell types, notably B lymphocytes and other nonlymphoid cells, also have been reported to be infected in vitro by HTLV-III. We now report on t
In the course of a prospective study of asymptomatic, multitransfused subjects, seroconversion to human lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV/HTLV-III) occurred in 34 hemophilic and in two thalassemic patients. In subjects treated with procoagulant concentrates, primary infection, as evidenced by the development of an
C R Acad Sci III. 1986;302(13):485-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86244429
Clavel F; Brun-Vezinet F; Guetard D; Chamaret S; Laurent A; Rouzioux C; Rey M; Katlama C; Rey F; Champelinaud JL; et al
A second retrovirus, named LAV-II, has been isolated from two West-African patients with AIDS. By its genomic sequences and its proteins, this virus is different from the LAV-I/HTLV-III, isolated from U.S.A., Europe and Central Africa. It differs also from STLV-III, isolated from Rhesus Macaques with AIDS, but display
Cancer. 1986 Aug 15;58(4):903-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86244717
Asou N; Kumagai T; Uekihara S; Ishii M; Sato M; Sakai K; Nishimura H; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K
Since many malignancies often occur in patients with smoldering type adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) (5 of 18 cases in this report), the relationship between HTLV-I (human T-cell leukemia virus type I) infection, which is closely associated with ATL, with other malignancies in an HTLV-I endemic area was examined. Among th
To define further the genetic variability of the human AIDS retrovirus, we have cloned and sequenced the complete genomes of two isolates obtained from Zairian patients. Their genetic organization is identical with that of isolates from Europe and North America, confirming a common evolutionary origin. However, the co
HTLV III infection of children exhibits a relatively narrow spectrum in which the majority of patients develop clinical manifestations before the age of 2 years. In most instances the disease is transmitted in utero, whereby 35-65% of HTLV III-positive women give birth to an infected child. Discordant infection in twi
Unique laboratory abnormalities, found in pediatric patients with clinical features of immunodeficiency, led to the original observation that a syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS) was also occurring in pediatric populations. Initial observations which demonstrated the nonspecific findings of polyclonal hyperg
Sandstrom EG; Andrews C; Schooley RT; Byington R; Hirsch MS
The ability of cells infected with human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) to suppress lymphocyte responses to concanavalin A (ConA) was evaluated. Thirty homosexual men, both HTLV-III seropositive and seronegative, and 11 seronegative laboratory personnel were studied. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from all gro
Shiigi SM; Wilson BJ; Chandler RA; Malley A; Olson LC; McNulty WP; Marx PA
Neutralizing antibodies that block the ability of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) retrovirus type 2 (SRV-2) to induce syncytium formation in cultures of Raji cells have been found in the serum of nonviremic Celebes black macaques (Macaca nigra). Serum from Celebes macaques that are viremic have littl
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common life-threatening opportunistic infection among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because retrospective studies suggested that bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) compared favorably to lung biopsy in the diagnosis of PCP, we prospectively evalu
Wolff H; Schill WB; Meurer M; von der Helm K; Guertler L
For the evaluation of a possible relationship between antisperm antibodies and LAV/HTLV-III antibodies, both markers were determined in the sera of 89 homosexual men. Thirty-one of 89 men (35%) had sperm antibodies in their sera, and 21 of 89 men (24%) had LAV/HTLV-III antibodies. There was no significant relationship
Matutes E; Dalgleish AG; Weiss RA; Joseph AP; Catovsky D
Six healthy relatives of 3 adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) patients and 6 members of a Caribbean family immigrant to the UK have been investigated for the presence of HTLV-I and expression of interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) receptors. Serum antibodies to HTLV-I were detecte
Antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated early antigens (EA) and the viral capsid antigen (VCA) were determined by ELISA on 263 sera obtained from healthy donors, patients with Hodgkin s disease (HD), non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), infectious mononucleosis (IM), Burkitt s lymphoma (BL), and nasopharyngeal
Two groups of sera were investigated with two different enzyme immunoassays for the detection of anti-LAV/HTLV-III-antibodies: 50 sera collected from patients with lupus erythematosus and 5 sera containing anti-HLA-DR4 antibodies. Of the 50 sera of the lupus erythematosus patients, 2 were positive in each of the tests
Phillips PE; Johnston SL; Runge LA; Moore JL; Poiesz BJ
Twenty-six percent of 53 systemic lupus erythematosus sera had high levels of IgM antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus Type I, significantly more than the 5% of normal controls. Neither IgG antibodies to Type I virus nor IgM or IgG antibodies to Type II virus were increased in lupus. Further analysis using competiti
Immunologic studies were performed in five fathers and nine mothers of patients with Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (CHS). Antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen was higher than in normal controls. Antibodies to diffuse component of the early antigen were not detected and serum antibodies to the restricted c
Ralfkiaer E; Pulford KA; Gatter KC; Wantzin GL; Mason DY
The reactivity of a monoclonal antibody against human T lymphotropic retrovirus (antibody 12/1-2, recognising the HTLV-1 p19 internal core viral protein) with benign and malignant cutaneous biopsy specimens was examined and compared with results obtained on normal skin, on various other human cells and tissues, and on
Zoster is uncommon before the age of 50 years in immunologically normal individuals, but it occurs with increased frequency in people who are immunosuppressed. A retrospective review of 300 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with Kaposi s sarcoma, revealed that 8% had prior zoster, a rate that
Barone AD; Silva JJ; Ho DD; Gallo RC; Wong-Staal FF; Chang NT
Randomly sheared DNA fragments from HTLV-III proviral DNA were cloned into an E. coli open reading frame (ORF) expression vector. The inserted ORF DNA was expressed in E. coli transformants as a polypeptide fused to the lambda CI protein at the amino terminus and to beta-galactosidase at the carboxyl terminus. The rea
Kanner SB; Cheng-Mayer C; Geffin RB; Parks WP; Beltz GA; Arthur LO; Samuel KP; Papas TS
Humoral antiviral responses to human retrovirus infections identify persistently infected individuals and can be used to characterize virus-host interactions. Antibodies to native viral polypeptides have been reliably measured, although quantitation of env antibodies is difficult due to a lack of purified antigens. To
Nakano S; Ando Y; Saito K; Moriyama I; Ichijo M; Toyama T; Sugamura K; Imai J; Hinuma Y
Primary infection with adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) was investigated by follow-up studies on 16 ATLV-seropositive mothers and their breastfed infants in an ATLV-endemic area of Japan . Maternal antibody to ATLV decreased in all the infants, and was detectable in only three of 1
The effect of human interferons (IFNs) (alpha, beta, and gamma) on the in vitro replication of AIDS viruses (LAV, HTLV-III, and ARV-2) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes was investigated. At the time of peak virus production, IFN-alpha preparations (leukocyte, Namalwa, alpha 1, and alpha 2) at 100 U/ml, suppressed
Folks TM; Powell D; Lightfoote M; Koenig S; Fauci AS; Benn S; Rabson A; Daugherty D; Gendelman HE; Hoggan MD; et al
Leu-3- cells that survive infection with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) retrovirus can be induced with IUdR to express infectious virus. A cellular clone (8E5), isolated by limiting dilution of a mass culture of survivor cells, was found to contain a single, integrated provirus that was constitutively
Iino T; Takeuchi K; Nam SH; Siomi H; Sabe H; Kobayashi N; Hatanaka M
The 28,000 mol. wt. polypeptide (p28) of adult T-cell leukaemia-associated antigen encoded by the 24S defective human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV-I) is associated with protein kinase activity. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of this defective HTLV-I provirus and found that it contains a portion of the gag
J Med Virol. 1986 Jun;19(2):143-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86253180
Verani P; Mariani G; Mannucci PM; De Rossi G; Nicoletti L; Titti F; Falcione E; Pasqualetti D; Ammassari M; Gringeri A; et al
The prevalence of HTLV-III/LAV antibodies was evaluated in 222 Italian asymptomatic hemophiliacs treated exclusively with commercial factor concentrates made with American plasma. An increase of HTLV-III/LAV seropositivity from 1983 to 1985 was evident. This was independent of the type of hemophilia (A or B) but direc
Twelve patients with AIDS were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody activity of IgG in serum and CSF. Two patients were only anti-HTLV III antibody carriers (stage I), two had lymphadenopathy syndrome (stage II) and eight had manifest AIDS (stage III). Eight of the 12 patients had 2- to 8-fold hi
Three infants between 8 and 9 months of age developed thrombocytopenia resulting from immune-mediated platelet destruction, as evidenced by the presence of serum antibody to platelets and elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin G in two patients, and abundant bone marrow megakaryocytes in all patients. The patient
Pallone F; Matricardi PM; Squarcia O; Fais S; Le Moli S; Boirivant M; Paoluzi P; D'Amelio R
The serum levels of IgM-Rheumatoid Factor and of anti-F(ab )2 autoantibodies were investigated in patients with inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) by sensitive radioimmunoassays. Serum levels of the 2 autoantibodies were significantly increased in active IBD. In patients with Crohn s Disease raised titers of the 2 antib
Ward JW; Grindon AJ; Feorino PM; Schable C; Parvin M; Allen JR
The enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) were rapidly adopted for screening donated blood and plasma. To evaluate the significance of a positive EIA reaction, test performance was examined in a blood bank screening program. Specimens were tested by EIA, Western
JAMA. 1986 Aug 8;256(6):721-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86254629
Mann JM; Quinn TC; Francis H; Nzilambi N; Bosenge N; Bila K; McCormick JB; Ruti K; Asila PK; Curran JW
Household members of 46 patients with confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 43 human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV)-seronegative controls from Kinshasa, Zaire , were identified and sought for serologic testing fo
Baskin GB; Martin LN; Rangan SR; Gormus BJ; Murphey-Corb M; Wolf RH; Soike KF
Four rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were inoculated with a homogenate of a cutaneous lepromatous leprosy lesion from a mangabey monkey (Cercocebus atys). One died of B-cell lymphoma, and another died of an immunodeficiency syndrome. Cell suspensions prepared from the tumor and spleen of the monkey with lymphoma induc
Wilson BJ; Shiigi SM; Malley A; McNulty WP; Olson L; Howard CF; Marx PA
The Celebes black macaque (Macaca nigra) colony at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center has a high incidence of an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent diarrhea and the development of retroperitoneal fibromatosis (RF). We have examined the relationship of type D viral infection to the immunodefi
Chalifoux LV; King NW; Daniel MD; Kannagi M; Desrosiers RC; Sehgal PK; Waldron LM; Hunt RD; Letvin NL
A rhesus monkey with a naturally acquired STLV-III infection developed immunosuppression and a lymphoproliferative syndrome characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and widespread visceral mononuclear cell infiltration. On microscopic examination, diffuse sheets of plasmacytoid lymphoblasts obliterated the sinuses
The authors carried out in 1985 a survey in two French speaking States in Central Africa, namely Burundi and Central African Republic (C.A.R.), in order to study the links between Kaposi sarcoma (K.S.) and A.I.D.S. In Burundi th
Med Hypotheses. 1986 May;20(1):1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86256696
Begin ME; Das UN
We hypothesize that a relative deficiency in gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids and in their derivatives may contribute to the development of AIDS. These polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be the source of natural endogenous agents against AIDS by preventing the spread of viral infection due to their abil
Following infection of animals or humans, lentiviruses play a prolonged game of hide and seek with the host s immune system which results in a slowly developing multi-system disease. Emerging knowledge of the disease processes is of some relevance to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is caused by a vir
Hauser SL; Aubert C; Burks JS; Kerr C; Lyon-Caen O; de The G; Brahic M
Several observations suggest that retroviral infection is involved in the pathogenesis of the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). First, lymphadenopathy-associated virus/human T-lymphotropic virus type III (LAV/HTLV-III), the agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), has been shown to be ne
The recent report by Koprowski et al. that human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLVs) may be involved in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) has aroused much interest. The report was based largely on immunological evidence, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with viral antigens or disrupted v
Minerva Med. 1986 May 12;77(20):897-900. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86257948
Soranzo ML; Salassa B; Daziano E; Paggi GC
Three hundred and forty-four patients at risk for HTLV/LAV infection were examined and seventy-seven were positive at the HTLV III/LAV Ab test. The clinical and laboratory study permitted to diagnose one case of AIDS, 26 cases of ARC and 50 cases of simple positivity at the HTLV III/LAV Ab test.
Schulman J; Peyman GA; Horton MB; Liu J; Fiscella R; Pulido J; Barber JC; de Miranda P
Clearance studies in rabbits following intravitreal injection of 400 micrograms of 9-([2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl) guanine demonstrated levels of the antiviral at 60 hours above the in vitro ID50 for several strains of human cytomegalovirus . Intravitreal administratio
Matsunami N; Siomi H; Hatanaka M; Yaoita Y; Honjo T
The promoters of the adenovirus 2 major late gene, the mouse beta-globin gene, the mouse immunoglobulin VH gene and the LTR of the human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I were tested for their transcription activities in cell-free extracts of four cell lines; HeLa, CESS (Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B cell line
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4895-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86259701
Blattner WA; Nomura A; Clark JW; Ho GY; Nakao Y; Gallo R; Robert-Guroff M
Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) seroprevalence was 20% among Hawaiian Japanese migrants (issei) and their offspring (nisei) from Okinawa compared to 35% in similarly aged men who were lifetime residents of Okinawa. A control group of migrants from a nonendemic area of Japan, Niigata, had low rates of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5038-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/K03347
Willey RL; Rutledge RA; Dias S; Folks T; Theodore T; Buckler CE; Martin MA
The nucleotide sequences of the envelope genes of an African and a North American acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) viral isolate have been determined. When their deduced amino acid sequences were aligned with the envelopes of the lymphoadenopathy and AIDS-associated retrovirus isolates, conserved and divergen
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5282-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86259774
Franchini G; Robert-Guroff M; Wong-Staal F; Ghrayeb J; Kato I; Chang TW; Chang NT
The genome of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), the infectious agent etiologically associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, contains, in addition to the genes for the polymerase, core, and envelope proteins, several open reading frames. To investig
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5286-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86259775
Fultz PN; McClure HM; Anderson DC; Swenson RB; Anand R; Srinivasan A
Healthy mangabey monkeys in a colony at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center were found to be infected with a retrovirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Virus was isolated from peripheral blood cells of 14 of 15 randomly selected mangabeys. All virus-positive animals had antibodies to the mangabe
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1986 Jun 14;116(24):818-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86261715
Somaini B
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has been known for 5 years. The first few cases in Switzerland were observed in persons infected outside the country, but this has changed in the last 2 years. The infectious agent is transmitted by sexual intercourse and by sharing o
Mammalian cell lines have been engineered to produce a secreted form of the AIDS retrovirus envelope glycoprotein. The recombinant protein has been isolated from growth-conditioned culture media and used to immunize animals. Antibodies directed against the recombinant molecule were found to react with the envelope gly
Cells with properties characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes were evaluated for infectivity with five different isolates of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV. Mononuclear phagocytes cultured from brain and lung tissues of AIDS patients harbored the virus. In vitro-infected macrophages from the peripheral blood, bone marr
Clavel F; Guetard D; Brun-Vezinet F; Chamaret S; Rey MA; Santos-Ferreira MO; Laurent AG; Dauguet C; Katlama C; Rouzioux C; et al
The etiological agent of AIDS, LAV/HTLV-III, is common in Central Africa but is not endemic in other areas of that continent. A novel human retrovirus, distinct from LAV/HTLV-III, has now been isolated from two AIDS patients from West Africa. Partial characterization of this virus revealed that it has biological and m
A variant of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) is described that replicates but does not kill normal human T cells in vitro. This variant, designated X10-1, was derived from the genome of a cytopathic HTLV-III clone (pHXB2D) by excision of a 200-base pair segment in the 3 region of the virus, spanning th
Safety concerns for immunoglobulin preparations have led us to study partition/inactivation of two prototype retroviruses, mouse xenotropic type C and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), during manufacture and storage of immunoglobulins. Reduction of infectious retr
Heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 10 h in solution (pasteurization) was introduced into the manufacturing process of antihemophilic cryoprecipitate (AHC) and factor VIII concentrates (F VIII) to reduce the risk of transmission of hepatitis to hemophiliacs. Since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may also
Adult T cell leukemia associated antibody (ATLA-Ab) positive persons were screened by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) testing. Their lymphocytes were collected from concentrated red blood cells (CRC), and cultured in vitro with and without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 10 days. The expression of ATL virus (ATLV) posit
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 Apr 30;136(7-8):163-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86263751
Dittrich C
Interferons (IFN) are potent antiviral, cytostatic-cytotoxic and immunomodulatory agents. Although gene technology has made available an unlimited supply of all different kinds and types of IFN, their basic modes of action have not been clarified up to now. The therapeutic effects proven differ gradually between the i
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 Apr 30;136(7-8):181-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86263753
Dorner F; Barrett PN; Schmidt BL; Bodemer W
The first human retroviruses have been discovered during the past seven years. They cause two diseases which involve disturbances of the growth of the T4-lymphocyte. This target cell type, which is central to the regulation of the immune system is induced by human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) to excessive prol
Z Gastroenterol. 1986 May;24(5):235-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86263845
Munch R; Buhler H; Ammann R; Kehl O; Flepp M; Luthy R; Vogt M; Siegenthaler W
The gastrointestinal tract is a major target organ of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Opportunistic infections or Kaposi s sarcoma within the gastrointestinal tract are the two most frequent lesions. Diarrhoea, weight loss or odynophagy may be the presenting symptoms or signs for which a gastroenterological co
Dal Bo Zanon R; Vicarioto M; Girolami A; De Rossi A; Del Mistro AR; Chieco-Bianchi L
The first fatal case of AIDS in an hemophiliac observed in Italy is reported. The propositus is a 53-year-old hemophilia A patient who died on the 8th December, 1984. AIDS was documented clinically and in the laboratory by serum antibodies to HTLV-III detected by ELISA and Western b
Am J Med. 1986 Jun;80(6):1187-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86265680
Ruben FL; Talamo TS
This report describes two patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in whom respiratory failure and opportunistic infection associated with secondary alveolar proteinosis developed. In one patient, the alveolar proteinosis was apparently secondary to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in the other to Pneumo
To investigate transmission of lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV)/human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in long-term sexual partners, and the relationship between lymphadenopathy-associated virus seropositivity and transmission, nine couples (five heterosexual and four homosexual) at increased risk for ac
Three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had biliary obstruction resulting from benign strictures of the biliary tract. Stenosis of the distal common bile duct with differing degrees of irregularity of the smaller intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts was seen in association with either cryptosporidial
Ann Intern Med. 1986 Aug;105(2):234-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86266887
Infection with the human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) [now human immunodeficiency virus] can manifest as a spectrum of conditions ranging from severe immunodeficiency to asymptomatic infection. Because of the rapid growth of knowledge about this virus, there is a need f
Ann Neurol. 1986 Jun;19(6):525-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/86267431
Navia BA; Cho ES; Petito CK; Price RW
In order to define the histopathological substrate of the dementia that frequently complicates the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), we analyzed the neuropathological findings in 70 autopsied adult AIDS patients, 46 of whom had suffered clinically overt dementia. Less tha
Twenty-six PPi analogs were tested for inhibitory effects on human T-lymphotropic virus type III reverse transcriptase. The structural requirements for inhibition and mechanism of action of the most active inhibitors have been investigated. Foscarnet (phosphonoformic acid) was the most potent inhibitor of human T-lymp
Gill PS; Levine AM; Meyer PR; Aguilar SL; Rarick M; Parker JW; Rasheed S
Eleven heterosexual patients (nine women, two men) without classic risk factors for development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were seen between March 1983, and April 1985, and diagnosed as having AIDS (four), persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) (four), or asymptomatic human T-cell lymphotropic
To evaluate the ability of a mouse monoclonal antibody, 2G2, directed against human Pneumocystis carinii, to detect the organism in clinical specimens, a prospective study of the antibody in an indirect immunofluorescent assay was undertaken. P carinii was rapidly detected in thirteen of fourteen bronchoalveolar lavag
Goudsmit J; de Wolf F; Paul DA; Epstein LG; Lange JM; Krone WJ; Speelman H; Wolters EC; Van der Noordaa J; Oleske JM; et al
Human immunodeficiency virus antigen (HIV-Ag) was detected in the serum of most adult (13/16) and paediatric (6/6) AIDS patients and rarely in the serum of symptomless seropositive controls (1/13). It was present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of all 5 children and most (5/9) adults with AIDS-related encephalopathy,
Ishida T; Yamamoto K; Shotake T; Nozawa K; Hayami M; Hinuma Y
African non-human primates were surveyed seroepidemiologically for natural infection of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (ATLV/HTLV-I) or its closely related virus(es). Materials from three genera (Cercopithecus, Papio, and Theropithecus), four species (grivet monkey, Anubis baboon, Hamadryas baboon, and gelada), to
The radiologic diagnosis of CNS infections remains a challenge. CT scan findings, though admittedly nonspecific to a large extent, assume great diagnostic significance when considered in conjunction with clinical and laboratory findings. MRI is expected to show abnormalities in the earlier stages of these infections.
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