Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1986. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION
Dev Oncol; 28:267-88 1985. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/86621742 Hoover EA; Dept. of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological; Science, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523
Abstract:
Characteristics of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and the disease progression are reviewed under the following headings: transmission of FeLV, FeLV strain- and age-related resistance, early FeLV-target cell interactions and resultant virus-host relationships, preleukemic changes, aplastic anemia, feline acquired immune deficiency syndrome (FAIDS), embryonic mortality and covert congenital infection, and FeLV latency and reactivation. Experiments with SPF cats inoculated with standard doses (10(5) focus-forming units) of FeLV-Rickard established that, within 6 wk after viral exposure, either of two major host-virus relationships evolve: (1) progressive infection characterized by productive infection of systemic hemolymphatic cells, persistent viremia, and minimal anti-feline onco RNA virus-associated cell membrane antigen and antiviral immune response, or (2) regressive infection characterized by early curtailment of viral replication in hemolymphatic cells, transient or absent viremia, and substantial antiviral immune response. Preleukemic events in infected cats include atrophy of the thymus, impairment of cell-mediated immunity and T helper cell-dependent humoral antibody responses, redistribution of certain lymphoid cells subsets, and eventual clonal proliferation of T lymphoblasts arising with the atrophied thymus. Pathogenesis of FeLV aplastic anemia appears to involve cytopathic viral deletion of early erythroid progenitor cells, which are recognized as burst-forming units-erythroid in clonogenic bone marrow colony-forming cell culture assays. Impairment of cell-mediated immune functions, dramatic depletion of T or both T and B cell regions in lymphoid tissues, debilitative wt loss, and severe opportunistic infections characterize FAIDS. Embryonic mortality and placental involution ensued in 78% of viremic cats in one experiment. Data obtained with the feline retrovirus system provide a link between the highly-expressed retroviruses of inbred chickens and mice and the highly-repressed retroviruses of wild mice, cattle, sheep, horses, macaques, gibbon apes, and man. (69 Refs)
Keywords: Age Factors Anemia, Aplastic/MICROBIOLOGY Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Cats Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/MICROBIOLOGY Leukemia Virus, Feline/IMMUNOLOGY/PATHOGENICITY Leukemia, Experimental/IMMUNOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY Lymphoma/MICROBIOLOGY Thymus Neoplasms/MICROBIOLOGY Virulence Virus Activation MEETING PAPER
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1986. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
