HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUSES AND ONCOGENES AND THE ORIGIN OF SOME HUMAN LEUKEMIAS AND LYMPHOMAS

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1986. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUSES AND ONCOGENES AND THE ORIGIN OF SOME HUMAN LEUKEMIAS AND LYMPHOMAS

Theories and Models in Cellular Transformation. Santi L, Zardi L, eds. New York, Academic Press, p. 85-100, 1985.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/86626470
Gallo RC; Wong-Staal F; Clarke MF; Guo HG; Westin E; Saxinger WC; Blattner WA; Reitz MS; Lab. of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20205

Abstract: Recent results obtained using acutely transforming animal retroviruses as tools to detect, isolate, and analyze the c-onc gene in human DNA and to clarify growth and/or differentiation abnormalities in leukemias and lymphomas are discussed. In addition, explorations into the role of animal chronic leukemia viruses in the causation of leukemias and lymphomas in humans are described. The chromosomal c-onc genes, c-myb, c-myc, c-fes, and c-sis, have been studied; with the possible exception of c-sis in glioblastoma and sarcoma cell lines, expression of none of the onc genes is highly correlated with specific neoplasias. The human retrovirus, human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) is now listed with the leukemia viruses; it is a novel, exogenous, horizontally transmitted type-C retrovirus. There are now more than 20 HTLV isolates comprising distinct groups obtained from patients from many parts of the world, including Japan, the United States, the Caribbean, and Israel. Cord blood T-cells infected with HTLV in vitro exhibit some properties observed in transformed cells as well as in tumor cells from Japanese adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. Like many of the animal chronic leukemia viruses, HTLV does not always induce disease. A gene has recently been cloned that is not associated with HTLV sequences, but is expressed at high levels in HTLV-infected cell lines and not in their infected counterparts. Its expression may be linked to T-cell growth factor expression or response, and may somehow be indirectly induced by HTLV infection. The origin of HTLV may have been in non-human primates in Africa, with transmission to the Caribbean and surrounding regions via the slave trade, and to Japan via Portuguese explorers. (62 Refs)

Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell Transformation, Viral Chromosome Mapping Human HTLV-BLV Viruses/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF Leukemia/*ETIOLOGY/GENETICS/MICROBIOLOGY Lymphoma/*ETIOLOGY/GENETICS/MICROBIOLOGY *Oncogenes Retroviridae Infections/*GENETICS/MICROBIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION MEETING PAPER

861130
M86B0235

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