Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1985. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
KAPOSI'S SARCOMA AND OTHER NEOPLASMS IN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME
Adv Host Def Mech; 5:59-73 1985. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/85612997 Safai B; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New; York, NY 10021
Abstract:
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and other neoplasms in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are discussed under the following headings: history, epidemiology, clinical manifestations and course of the disease, histopathology, associated disorders, differential diagnosis, histogenesis, therapeutic modalities, and other neoplasms seen in AIDS. KS is a multifocal systemic process composed of proliferating microvascular and fibroblastic elements. It exhibits interesting variety in its geographic distribution, clinical course, and histopathologic features. Whether the disorder is primarily reactive or neoplastic in nature is not clear. More than 30% of reported cases of AIDS have presented with KS. The disease is seen more often among homosexual men than among other affected risk populations, such as iv drug abusers. KS has also been reported among Haitian men, women, and children with AIDS. It is believed to be a multicentric neoplastic process and manifests with a single or, more frequently, red to violaceous macules, papules, and/or nodules. Histologic patterns in KS may vary from lesion to lesion as well as in different sections of the same lesion; however, they are characteristic and consist of bands of spindle cells and vascular structures embedded in a network of reticular and collagen fibers. A close association between KS and other primary malignancies has been reported. It has been repeatedly demonstrated that the KS tumor is very sensitive to both radiation and chemotherapy; radiation therapy has become an established treatment for localized disease. A close association between the immune deficiency state and the development of malignant neoplasms is well documented in the literature, eg, increased frequency of leukemia and lymphoma in patients with ataxia telangiectasia and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, high prevalence of skin cancers in patients with lymphoreticular malignancies, and development of KS in renal transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. On the basis of these and many other observations, an increased incidence of a variety of malignant tumors in the victims of AIDS is expected. (104 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*COMPLICATIONS Adolescence Adult Africa Child Cytomegalovirus Infections/COMPLICATIONS Europe Female Human Lymphoma/COMPLICATIONS/EPIDEMIOLOGY Male Middle Age Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/*EPIDEMIOLOGY North America Sarcoma, Kaposi's/DIAGNOSIS/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/ETIOLOGY Skin Neoplasms/DIAGNOSIS/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/ETIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1985. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
