Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1985. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
CHRONIC LEUKEMIA
Concepts in Viral Pathogenesis. Notkins Al, Oldstone MBA, eds. New York, Springer-Verlag, pp. 279-87 1984. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/85605991 Sarin PS; Gallo RC; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20205
Abstract:
This review first outlines the distinguishing characteristics of chronic and acute leukemia viruses, then proceeds to describe the recently isolated human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) under the following section headings: T-cell growth factor, HTLV isolation and transmission, HTLV epidemiology, mechanism of transformation, and HTLV in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The discovery of T-cell growth factor made it possible to grow either normal or neoplastic human T cells routinely in long-term suspension culture. The first isolate of HTLV was obtained from a lymph node-derived T-cell line from a patient who had cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; additional isolates have been obtained from patients with mature T-cell malignancies from different parts of the world, and a closely related virus has been isolated from cultured T-cell lymphocytes of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients in Japan. Cells from some patients with mature T-cell malignancies, including all patients with ATL, contain one or few copies of HTLV provirus, whereas cells from types of malignancies involving immature T cells, B cells, or myeloid cells are by and large negative. Since HTLV specifically transforms mature T cells, integration of its provirus most likely affects directly or indirectly the expression of genes important to T-cell proliferation. A variant of HTLV, called HTLV-III, has been isolated from a number of patients with AIDS and appears to be involved in causation of the disease.
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/MICROBIOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell Transformation, Viral Cells, Cultured Chronic Disease DNA, Viral/ANALYSIS Human Interleukin-2 Leukemia/*MICROBIOLOGY Lymphoma/MICROBIOLOGY Retroviridae/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/*ISOLATION & PURIF Retroviridae Infections/MICROBIOLOGY T-Lymphocytes/MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1985. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
