154HIV/AIDS Among American Indians and Alaskan Natives--United States, 1981-1997; 151: Administration of Zidovudine During Late Pregnancy and Delivery to Prevent Perinatal HIV Transmission--Thailand, 1996-1998

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 6, 1998/Vol. 47/No. 08
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

SUMMARY: 154A total of 641,086 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had been reported to CDC through December 1997. Of these, 1783 (0.3%) occurred in American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AI/ANs). AI/ANs reprevent <1% of the total U.S. population (272 million persons) and are characteristically diverse, comprising many tribes . . . .

151 Worldwide, approximately 500,000 infants are perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) each year, most of whom are born in developing countries. In 1994, a clinical trial in the United States and France demonstrated that zidovudine (ZDV) administered orally five times a day to HIV-infected pregnant women starting at 14-34 weeks' gestation, intravenously during labor, and orally to their newborns for 6 weks reduced the risk of perinatal HIV transmission by two thirds.

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